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Astronomy > Chapter 2- The Nature of Matter > Flashcards

Chapter 2- The Nature of Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What is the equation of force?

A

acceleration • mass

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2
Q

How is mass related to inertia?

A

the amount of inertia on an object depends on its mass

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3
Q

List 2 ways you can increase acceleration.

A

you can change the force and the mass

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4
Q

What is sliding friction?

A

solid surfaces slide over

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5
Q

What is rolling friction?

A

an object rolls over a surface

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6
Q

What does the term “free fall” mean? What is the only force acting on an object in free fall?

A
  • free fall means when the only force acting on an object is gravity
  • gravity
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7
Q

An object moving through air has what type of friction?

A

fluid friction

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8
Q

What is weight?

A

the gravitational force exerted on a person or object at the surface of a planet

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9
Q

What formula would you use to find weight given an object’s mass?

A

weight = mass • acceleration due to gravity

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10
Q

What is the law of Universal Gravitation?

A

the force of gravity acts between all objects in the universe

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11
Q

What would your weight be on the moon? What is the acceleration due to gravity on the moon?

A
  • 1/6 your weight on earth

- the acceleration due to gravity on the moon is 1.620 m/s (2)

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12
Q

What is a satellite?

A

any object that orbits another object in space

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13
Q

What is required for an object to lift off into space?

A

thrust that is greater than earth’s gravity

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14
Q

What is Net Force? How do you find it with more than one force acting in the same direction?

A

the overall force of an object after all forces are added together

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15
Q

What is a force?

A

a push or pull

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16
Q

What is mass?

A

the amount of matter in an object

17
Q

What do unbalanced forces acting on an object produce?

A

result in a net force and cause a change in the object’s velocity

18
Q

What is a Newton?

A

the SI unit for the magnitude, or strength, of a force

19
Q

What type of friction is usually less, fluid friction or sliding friction?

A

fluid friction

20
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration

21
Q

What direction does friction always act?

A

acts in a direction opposite to the motion of objects

22
Q

What is the relationship between mass and gravity?

A

the strength of gravity is directly proportional to the amount of mass of each object

23
Q

What is the relationship between distance and gravity?

A

the force of gravitational attraction between the earth and other objects is inversely proportional to the distance separating the earth’s center from the object’s center

24
Q

What is Inertia?

A

the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

Astronomy (2 decks)

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