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Principles of Chemistry > CHAPTER 2 - The Components of Matter > Flashcards

CHAPTER 2 - The Components of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q
  • What are the rules for Binary Compounds of two non-metals?
A
  • Compounds composed of two non-metals are designated by the names of the elements followed by the ending -ide.
  • The following prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms in the molecule:

1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta- 6 hexa-

7 hepta- 8 octa- 9 nona- 10 deca-

​

  • Note: If there is only 1 atom of the first element, the term “mono” is dropped, but the number of atoms of the second element is always specified.

​

  • Also Note: That a vowel is often dropped in a name to avoid a double vowel combination of oo or “ao”. Ex. CO = carbon monoxide (not carbon monooxide).
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2
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Li

A

Lithium

Li+

No Name Change*

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3
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Na

A

Sodium

Na+

No Name Change*

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4
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

K

A

Potassium

K+

No Name Change*

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5
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Rb

A

Rubidium

Rb+

No Name Change*

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6
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Cs

A

Cesium

Cs+

No Name Change*

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7
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ag

A

Silver

Ag+

No Name Change*

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8
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Be

A

Berylium

Be2+

No Name Change*

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9
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Mg

A

Magnesium

Mg2+

No Name Change*

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10
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ca

A

Calcium

Ca2+

No Name Change*

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11
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Sr

A

Strontium

Sr2+

No Name Change*

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12
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ba

A

Barium

Ba2+

No Name Change*

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13
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Zn

A

Zinc

Zn2+

No Name Change*

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14
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Cd

A

Cadmium

Cd2+

No Name Change*

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15
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Al

A

Aluminum

Al3+

No Name Change*

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16
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

NH

A

Ammonium

NH4+

Nitrogen + Hydrogen

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17
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Cu

A

Cupri-ous

Cu+

Cupri-ic

Cu2+

Copper

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18
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Hg

A

Mercur-ous

Hg+

Mercur-ic

Hg2+

Mercury

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19
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Au

A

Aur-ous

Au+

Aur-ic

Au3+

Gold

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20
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Cr

A

Chrom-ous

Cr2+

Chrom-ic

Cr3+

Chromium

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21
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Mn

A

Mangan-ous

Mn2+

Magan-ic

Mn3+

Magnesium

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22
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Fe

A

Ferr-ous

Fe2+

Ferr-ic

Fe3+

Iron

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23
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Co

A

Cobalt-ous

Co2+

Cobalt-ic

Co3+

Cobalt

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24
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Ni

A

Nickel-ous

Ni2+

Nickel-ic

Ni3+

Nickel

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25
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Sn

A

Stann-ous

Sn2+

Stann-ic

Sn4+

Tin

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26
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Pb

A

Plumb-ous

Pb2+

Plumb-ic

Pb4+

Lead

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27
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

As

A

Arseni-ous

As3+

Arsen-ic

As5+

Arsenic

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28
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Sb

A

Antimon-ous

Sb3+

Antmon-ic

Sb5+

Antimony

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29
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Bi

A

Bismuth-ous

Bi3+

Bismuth-ic

Bi5+

Bismuth

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30
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

F

A

Fluoride

F-

Fluorine

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31
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Cl

A

Chloride

Cl-

Chlorine

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32
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Br

A

Bromide

Br-

Bromine

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33
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

I

A

Iodide

I-

Iodine

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34
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

O

A

Oxide

O2-

Oxygen

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35
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

S

A

Sulfide

S2-

Sulfur

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36
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Se

A

Selenide

Se2-

Selenium

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37
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Te

A

Telluride

Te2-

Tellurium

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38
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

N

A

Nitride

N3-

Nitrogen

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39
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

P

A

Phosphide

P3-

Phosphorus

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40
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Nitrite

A

(1) Nitrogen

+

(2) Oxygen

=

NO2-

Nitride

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41
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Nitrate

A

(1) Nitrogen

+

(3) Oxygen

=

NO3-

Nitrate

42
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Hypochlorite

A

(1) Chlorine

+

(1) Oxygen

=

ClO-

Hypochlorite

43
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Chlorite

A

(1) Chlorine

+

(2) Oxygen

=

ClO2-

Chlorite

44
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Chlorate

A

(1) Chlorine

+

(3) Oxygen

=

ClO3-

Chlorate

45
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Perchlorate

A

(1) Chlorine

+

(4) Oxygen

=

ClO4-

Perchlorate

46
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Hypobromite

A

(1) Bromine

+

(1) Oxygen

=

BrO-

Hypobromite

47
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Bromite

A

(1) Bromine

+

(2) Oxygen

=

BrO2-

Bromite

48
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Bromate

A

(1) Bromine

+

(3) Oxygen

=

BrO<span>3</span>-

Bromate

49
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Perbromate

A

(1) Bromine

+

(4) Oxygen

=

BrO4-

Perbromate

50
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Hypoiodite

A

(1) Iodine

+

(1) Oxygen

=

IO-

Hypoiodite

51
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Iodite

A

(1) Iodine

+

(2) Oxygen

=

IO2-

Iodite

52
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Iodate

A

(1) Iodine

+

(3) Oxygen

=

IO3-

Iodate

53
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Periodate

A

(1) Iodine

+

(4) Oxygen

=

IO4-

Periodate

54
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Permanganate

A

(1) Manganse

+

(4) Oxygen

=

MnO4-

Permanganate

55
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Acetate

A

(2) Carbon

+

(3) Hydrogen

+

(2) Oxygen

=

C2H3O2- <span>or</span> CH3COO-

Acetate

56
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Cyanate

A

(1) Carbon

+

(1) Nitrogen

+

(1) Oxygen

=

CNO-

Cyanate

57
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Thiocyanate

A

(1) Carbon

+

(1) Nitrogen

+

(1) Sulfur

=

CNS-

Thiocynate

58
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Formate

A

(1) Hydrogen

+

(1) Carbon

+

(2) Oxygen

=

HCO2-<span> </span><span>or</span>HCOO-

Formate

59
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Azide

A

(3) Nitrogen

=

N3-

Azide

60
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Hydroxide

A

(1) Oxygen

+

(1) Hydrogen

=

OH-

Hydroxide

61
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Cyanide

A

(1) Carbon

+

(1) Nitrogen

=

CN-

Cyanide

62
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Bicarbonate

A

(1) Hydrogen

+

(1) Carbon

+

(3) Oxygen

=

HCO3-

Bicarbonate

63
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Carbonate

A

(1) Carbon

+

(3) Oxygen

=

CO32-

Carbonate

64
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Sulfate

A

(1) Sulfur

+

(3) Oxygen

=

SO32-

Sulfite

65
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Sulfate

A

(1) Sulfur

+

(4) Oxygen

=

SO42-

Sulfate

66
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Chromate

A

(1) Chromium

+

(4) Oxygen

=

CrO42-

Chromate

67
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Dichromate

A

(2) Chromium

+

(7) Oxygen

=

CrO72-

Dichromate

68
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Oxalate

A

(2) Carbon

+

(4) Oxygen

=

C2O42-

Oxalate

69
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Thiosulfate

A

(2) Sulfur

+

(3) Oxygen

=

S2O32-

Thiosulfate

70
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Peroxide

A

(2) Oxygen

=

O22-

Peroxide

71
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Carbide

A

(2) Carbon

=

C22-

Carbide

72
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Phosphate

A

(1) Phosphorus

+

(4) Oxygen

=

PO43-

Phosphate

73
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Borate

A

(1) Boron

+

(3) Oxygen

=

BO33-

Borate

74
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Arsenite

A

(1) Arsenic

+

(3) Oxygen

=

AsO33-

Arsenite

75
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Arsenate

A

(1) Arsenic

+

(4) Oxygen

=

AsO43-

Arsenate

76
Q
  • What elements make up this Ion & what its charge?

Silicate

A

(1) Silicon

+

(4) Oxygen

=

SiO44-

Silicate

77
Q
  • What are the rules for Acids that DO NOT contain Oxygen?
A
  • Names of Acids that DO NOT contain Oxygen are formed by putting the prefix Hydro- before the root of the name of the characteristic element and adding the sufffix -ic.
78
Q
  • What are the rules for Acids that contain Oxygen?
A
  • If there is only One Oxygen Acid, the name is that of the charecterictic element followed by the suffix -ic. Thus H2CO3 → Carbon*-ic* Acid.
  • If there are Two possible Oxygen Acids, the one with the greater number of oxygen atoms ends in -ic, and the one with the fewest number of oxygen atoms ends in -ous. Thus [_HNO3 → Nitr-icAcid_] & [HNO2 → Nitr-ous Acid]
  • If there are Sevral Oxy-acids of an element, the systematic terminology is as follows for the ClO# + H series:

HClO → Hypochlorous Acid ► ( Hypochlorite → Hypochlorous )

HClO2 → Chlorous Acid ► ( Chlorite → Chlorous )

HClO3 → Chloric Acid ► ( Chlorate → Chloric )

HClO4 → Perchloric Acid ► ( Perchlorate → Perchloric )

  • Note: the -ite suffix for the related anions becomes -ous for the corresponding acid, and the -ate suffix of the related anions becomes -ic for the corresponding acid.
79
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

HF

A

Hydrofluoric Acid

80
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

81
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

HBr

A

Hydrobromic Acid

82
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

HI

A

Hydroiodic Acid

83
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

HCN

A

Hydrocyanic Acid

84
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

H2S

A

Hydrosulfuric Acid

85
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

CsF

A

Cesium Flouride

Salt

86
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

NaCl

A

Sodium Chloride

Salt

87
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

FeBr3

A

Ferric Bromide

Salt

88
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

MgI2

A

Magnesium Iodide

Salt

89
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

KCN

A

Potassium Cyanide

Salt

90
Q
  • Name this compound.
  • Is it an Acid or a Salt

CuS

A

Cupric Sulfide

Salt

91
Q
  • Name this compound.

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

92
Q
  • Name this compound.

HBr

A

Hydrobromic Acid

93
Q
  • Name this compound.

H2CO3

A

Carbonic Acid

94
Q
  • Name this compound.

HNO2

A

Nitrous Acid

95
Q
  • Name this compound.

HNO3

A

Nitric Acid

96
Q
  • Name this compound.

HClO4

A

Perchloric Acid

97
Q
  • Name this compound.

H2SO3

A

Sulfurous Acid

98
Q
  • Name this compound.

H2SO4

A

Sulfuric Acid

99
Q
  • Name this compound.

H2CrO4

A

Chromic Acid

100
Q
  • Name this compound.

H3PO3

A

Phosphorous Acid

101
Q
  • Name this compound.

H3PO4

A

Phosphoric Acid

102
Q
  • Name this compound.

C2H4O2

A

Acetic Acid

Principles of Chemistry (6 decks)

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