Chapter 2: The Cell Membrane Flashcards
What is the function of the cell membrane?
It’s controls what comes in and out of the cell. It’s also know as semi - permeable.
What’s another name for an cell membrane?
Plasma membrane
What is an cell membrane made out of?
It’s is mostly made out of lipids. But the organelle also contains cholesterol, proteins, and carbs.
What factor determines wether movement across a cell membrane is active or passive transport?
Energy use
A membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through is a?
Semi-permeable membrane
The movement of water across a cell membrane that does not require energy is?
Osmosis
The cell membrane consist of?
Two layers of lipids, each with a phosphate group attached.
Which method allows the cell to move particles against the concentration gradient?
Active transport
What are Phospholipids?
A type of lipid made from 2 fatty acid chain tails attached to a phosphate group head.
What are the two fatty acid tales in a Phospholipid bilayer?
Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic
Hydrophobic
“Hydro” = Water, “Phobic” = Fearing (Water-Fearing)
Hydrophilic
“Hydro” = Water, “Philic” = Loving (Water-Loving)
Why Are Cells So Small?
Cell size can increase surface area to volume ratio ratio, and complete the processes faster.
An model that describes the arrangement and the movement of molecules (lipids, cholesterol, protein) that make up a cell membrane
Fuild mosaic model
When does diffusion occur?
molecules constantly move and collide with each other.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
proteins
How many layers is the phospholipid bilayer?
It has 2
Phospholipid heads are…
Hydrophilic
What is the role of transport proteins?
Move needed substances or waste materials through plasma membrane.
The lipid tails of the lipid bilayer are___?
Hydrophobic
Cholesterol is an important component of the cell membrane because?
It makes the membrane more fluid and adds to its flexibility.
What is the function of the carbohydrates in the cell membrane?
Communication
What is the function of proteins in cell membranes?
Cellular Transport
This process releases energy stored in sugar.
Cellular Respiration
This energy-rich molecule, produced by cellular respiration, is vital for the functioning of the cell.
ATP energy
phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis____?
True or false.
True
Exocytosis
It’s the movement of material out of a cell by means of a vesicle.
Exocytosis
It’s the movement of material out of a cell by means of a vesicle.
