chapter 2 - the cell and microscopy Flashcards
What is the cell theory
- all organisms are composed of other cells
- the cell is the basic unit of life
- cells come from pre-existing cells
why are cells microscopic
because if cells are to large then the process of moving across the membrane would be to slow
nucleus
cell library and contains DNA
what is the plasma membrane
selectively permeable membrane that separates inside from outside of cell
what protein channel is in the plasma membrane
transport protein channel
what is nucleolus the site of
site of ribosome assembly
where is RNA transcribed in the nucleus exported to?
exported to cytoplasm through nuclear pores (only allows specific material in and out of nuclear envelope)
what are ribosomes made of
RNA and proteins
what do ribosomes do
translate genetic code and make proteins
what is the ER composed of
membrane bilayers and interior compartment called ER lumen
What happens in the Smooth ER
lipid and steroid biosynthesis
what happens in Rough ER
membrane protein synthesis, protein modification, and protein folding
what happens in the Golgi
trafficking of materials from ER to other cell parts, sorting, exporting protein packages
what are the subunits of ribosomes in eukaryotes
large 60s and small 40s
what are the subunits of ribosomes in prokaryotes
large 50s and small 30s
