Chapter 2 Test Flashcards
The ancient Greeks gave the world what form of gov?
Democracy
Ancient Romans gave the world what form of gov?
Republic
Three main ideas English Colonists brought with them to North America in setting up the thirteen colonies
Ordered gov
Limited gov
Representative gov
What is self gov?
Ruling yourself
What were the fundamental rights found in England’s Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights?
England’s Magna Carta– Trial by jury, due process, and private property
Bill of Rights– No cruel punishment, no excessive bail or fines, right to bear arms. And right to petition
In what document did we place all of these rights?
All of these rights were put in the Bill of Rights
How did the ideas of the enlightenment age in the 1600s and 1700s loaded to American independence from england?
•challenged divine rights of Kings - kings and queens are just normal people
•social contract - people agreed to have rights protected by the democratic government
•people can change government if leaders abuse power
• all men are created equal
• create three branches of government - separate powers
• people can participate in government - voting and elections
How did the French and Indian war help lead to the declaration of Independence and the revolutionary war?
•who was involved? French and Indians versus England and American colonists
•why was there a war? Fighting over land in North America
•who won? England and American colonists
•England raises taxes on colonists to pay for the war
•England declares colonists cannot move west of Appalachian mountains
•England wants to control Americans even more
•leads to declaration of Independence / American revolution
How did the Boston massacre and the Boston tea party add more fuel to the fire?
BOSTON MASSACRE
•after the French and Indian war, England brought over more troops
•American colonists for snowballs and rocks at English soldiers
soldiers shoot into the crowd and kill five colonists
•called the “massacre” in order to rile up colonists
•leads to declaration of independence/american revolution
BOSTON TEA PARTY
•a group of colonists sneak aboard English ships dressed as natives to dump tea
•this was a rebellion against raised taxes
•no taxation without representation
•also leads to declaration of Independence / American revolution
The second Continental Congress leads to the declaration of Independence
•us declaring independence from England
•break up letter to England
•we do not want to be controlled by England anymore
•we’re going to start our own country
•if you, england want to fight, we’ll fight
•we have rights that you violated
•all created equal with natural rights - life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
•many of the signers were either killed or lost everything because they signed it
•”he” used repeatedly is King George of England
•grievances - formal complaints against King
The revolutionary war. What made it so revolutionary?
American strengths
•France and Spain helped (they disliked England)
•knowing the land
•we had George Washington (great general)
•Paul Revere / early warning system (Minuteman)
•major reason to fight
•”hit and run” tactics
American weaknesses
•no military training (Farmers with guns)
•England was major world power
•England was a great army and Navy
•America was very poor - no money little supplies
•the Germans - Hessians - helped England
•loyalists- colonist loyal to the king- helped the English
•we had a weak government
•we lost more battles than we won
What was the articles of confederation?
•our first government that only lasted 10 years
•replaced because it was too weak
•made government weak because we were afraid of another king
•it gave states too much power and not enough to federal government
•federal government cannot tax, no national currency
•federal government could not regulate trade or draft troops
•federal government did not have an executive or judicial branch
What was the Northwest ordinance and how did this contribute to the later written Constitution and Bill of rights?
•ohio, indiana, illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan - Northwest Territory
•set up our territory becomes a state
•each state gets a representative government just like the federal government
•gave ideas that were later added to the Constitution
•rights that went into the bill of rights- trial by jury, no cruel punishment, and freedom of religion and speech
•declared there would be no slavery in the Northwest Territory
•established public school systems
Define Philadelphia convention and framers
Philadelphia convention- 55 State delegates from all 13 states met to set up new constitution
Framers- people who put together the Constitution
Who are the Federalists and who are the Anti-Federalists at the convention?
Federalists
•for a stronger federal government
•against strong state governments
•for new constitution
•against articles of confederation
Anti-Federalists
•against new constitution (thought it gay federal government too much power - like a monarchy)
•for articles of confederation
•for stronger state government
