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Intro to GIS > Chapter 2 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

a reference surface of Earth

A

datum

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2
Q

imaginary line on a globe north and south of the Equator that serve as a basic of measurement in GCS

A

latitude

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3
Q

imaginary lines on a globe east and west of the Prime Meridian that serve as a basis of measurements in GCS

A

longitude

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4
Q

a reference framework that defines the locations of features on a model of the earth

A

GCS (global coordinate system)

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5
Q

the fractional decimal equivalent to coordinates found using degrees, minutes and seconds

A

DD

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6
Q

Degrees, minutes and seconds

A

DMS

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7
Q

the translation of locations in the three-dimensional (3D) Earth to a two dimensional (2D) surface

A

map projection

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8
Q

the grid system of location in the United states.

A

UTM

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9
Q

A method of measuring time around the world , created by dividing the world into subdivision longitude and relating the time in Greenwich , England.

A

time zones

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10
Q

a set of math formulas that converts point coordinates from one datum to another.

A

datum transformation

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11
Q

a measurement of so many units(or west) of some principles meridian.

A

Easting

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12
Q

a measurement of so many units north’s (or South) of baseline.

A

Northing

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13
Q

a measurement made north(south) of a imaginary meridian set up for a particular zone

A

false northing

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14
Q

a measurement made east(or west) of and imaginary meridian set up for a particular zone

A

false easting

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15
Q

a grid system of identifying locations in the United States

A

United States National Grid

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16
Q

a grid based system for determining coordinates of location within the United States

A

State Plane Coordinate System

17
Q

a model of the rounded shape of Earth

A

ellipsoid

18
Q

a model of earth using mean sea level as a base.

A

geoid

19
Q

the science of measuring Earth shape

A

geodesy

20
Q

North American Datum of 1927

A

NAD27

21
Q

North American Datum of 1983

A

NAD83

22
Q

the world Geodetic System of 1984( used by the Global Positioning System).

A

WGS84

23
Q

the line of latitude that runs around the center of earth and serves as the 0 degree line from which to make latitude measurements.

A

equator

24
Q

the line of longitude that runs through Greenwich , England , and serves as the 0 degrees line of longitude from which base measurements.

A

Prime Meridian

25
Q

the shortest distance between two points on a spherical surface

A

Great circle distance

26
Q

a line of longitude that uses the 180th meridian as a basis ( but changes way from a straight line accommodate geography.

A

International Date line

Intro to GIS (2 decks)

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