Chapter 2 TB Flashcards
A financial institution is an intermediary that channels the savings of individuals, businesses, and governments into loans or investments.
T or F?
TRUE
Commercial banks advise firms on major transactions such as mergers or financial restructurings.
T or F?
FALSE.
Investment banks
As a key participant in financial transactions, individuals are ________.
A) net demanders of funds because they save more money than they borrow
B) net users of funds because they save less money than they borrow
C) net suppliers of funds because they save more money than they borrow
D) net purchasers of funds because they save more money than they borrow
net suppliers of funds because they save more money than they borrow
Government is typically a ________.
A) net provider of funds because it borrows more than it saves
B) net demander of funds because it borrows more than it saves
C) net provider of funds because it can print money at will
D) net demander of funds because it saves more than it borrows
net demander of funds because it borrows more than it saves
Government can obtain funds ________.
A) by trading in the equity market
B) by issuing financial instruments such as futures and options
C) through the foreign exchange market
D) by selling debt securities
by selling debt securities
Firms that require funds from external sources can obtain them ________.
A) through financial institutions
B) from central bank directly
C) through the foreign exchange market
D) by issuing T-bills
through financial institutions
Investment banks are institutions that ________.
A) perform all activities of commercial banks and retail banks
B) are exempted from Securities and Exchange Commission regulations
C) engage in trading and market making activities
D) are only limited to capital market activities
engage in trading and market making activities
Which of the following serves as an intermediary channeling the savings of individuals, businesses, and governments into loans and investments?
A) financial institutions
B) financial markets
C) Securities and Exchange Commission
D) OTC market
financial institutions
The shadow banking system describes a group of institutions that engage in lending activities, much like traditional banks.
T or F?
TRUE
Which of the following provides savers with a secure place to invest funds and offer both individuals and companies loans to finance investments?
A) investment banks
B) securities exchanges
C) mutual funds
D) commercial banks
commercial banks
Which of the following assists companies in raising capital, advise firms on major transactions such as mergers or financial restructuring, and engage in trading and market making activities?
A) investment banks
B) securities exchanges
C) mutual funds
D) commercial banks
investment banks
Primary and secondary markets are markets for short-term and long-term securities, respectively.
T or F?
FALSE
The over-the-counter (OTC) market is a market for trading smaller and unlisted securities.
T or F?
TRUE
NASDAQ is considered an OTC market since it is not recognized by the SEC as a “listed exchange.”
T or F?
FALSE
In the OTC market, the ask price is the highest price offered by a dealer to purchase a given security
T or F?
FALSE
Bid price
In the Eurobond market, corporations and governments typically issue bonds denominated in dollars and sell them to investors located outside the United States
T or F?
TRUE
Capital markets are for investors who want a safe temporary place to deposit funds where they can earn interest and for borrowers who have a short-term need for funds.
T or F?
FALSE
Money markets
Money markets are markets for long-term funds such as bonds and equity.
T or F?
FALSE
Capital markets
An efficient market is a market that establishes correct prices for the securities that firms sell and allocates funds to their most productive use as a result of the intense competition among investors.
T or F?
TRUE
Money markets involve the trading of securities with maturities of one year or less.
T or F?
TRUE
Eurocurrency deposits arise when a corporation or individual makes a deposit in a bank in a currency other than the local currency of the country where the bank is located.
T or F?
TRUE
The Eurocurrency market is a market for short-term bank deposits denominated in U.S. dollars or other easily convertible currencies.
T or F?
TRUE
The money market is a financial relationship created by a number of institutions and arrangements that allows suppliers and demanders of long-term funds to make transactions.
T or F?
FALSE
Capital market
The over-the-counter (OTC) market is ________.
A) a highly liquid market as compared to NASDAQ
B) a market in which low risk-high return securities are traded
C) an organized market in which all financial derivatives are traded
D) a market where smaller, unlisted securities are traded
a market where smaller, unlisted securities are traded
Which of the following is true of a primary market?
A) It is an organized market in which all financial derivatives are traded.
B) It is regulated by The Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
C) It is a market where smaller, unlisted securities are traded.
D) It is the only market in which the issuer is directly involved in the transaction
It is the only market in which the issuer is directly involved in the transaction
Which of the following is true of a secondary market?
A) It is a market for an unlisted company to raise equity capital.
B) It is a market where securities are issued through private placement.
C) It is a market in which short-term money market instruments such as Treasury bills are traded.
D) It is a market in which preowned securities are traded
It is a market in which preowned securities are traded
Which of the following is true of preferred stock?
A) It has features of bonds and a common stock.
B) It has a claim on assets prior to creditors in the event of liquidation.
C) Its dividends can be paid only after paying dividends to the common stockholders.
D) It usually has a maturity of thirty years.
It has features of bonds and a common stock.
The key securities traded in the capital markets are ________.
A) commercial papers and Treasury bills
B) Treasury bills and certificates of deposit
C) stocks and bonds
D) bills of exchange and commercial papers
stocks and bonds
Which of the following is true of international equity markets?
A) In the international equity market, corporations cannot raise capital through IPOs, instead they can raise capital by trading in the secondary market.
B) In the international equity market, corporations can easily manipulate the price of the shares since it is not regulated by any regulatory bodies.
C) In the international equity market, corporations can only sell blocks of shares to institutional investors from European Union.
D) In the international equity market, corporations can sell blocks of shares to investors in a number of different countries simultaneously.
In the international equity market, corporations can sell blocks of shares to investors in a number of different countries simultaneously.
Which of the following is true of a dealer market?
A) Buyers and sellers are never brought together directly.
B) Brokers execute the buy or sell orders in a dealer market.
C) It has centralized trading floors.
D) It is a part of the broker market.
Buyers and sellers are never brought together directly.
Which of the following is true of a securities exchange?
A) It serves as an intermediary by channeling the savings of individuals, businesses, and governments into loans or investments.
B) It borrows funds directly from the financial institutions.
C) It is an association of banks who meet to buy and sell stocks and bonds.
D) It provides a marketplace in which firms can raise funds through the sale of new securities and purchasers can resell securities
It provides a marketplace in which firms can raise funds through the sale of new securities and purchasers can resell securities
A market that establishes correct prices for the securities that firms sell and allocates funds to their most productive uses is called a(n) ________.
A) future market
B) forex market
C) efficient market
D) weak-form market
efficient market
The ________ is created by a financial relationship between suppliers and demanders of short-term
funds.
A) stock market
B) capital market
C) forex market
D) money market
money market
By definition, the money market involves the buying and selling of ________.
A) stocks and bonds
B) short-term securities
C) all financial instruments except derivatives
D) secured premium notes
short-term securities
Most money market transactions are made in ________.
A) common stock
B) marketable securities
C) commodities market
D) preferred stock
marketable securities
The ________ is created by a number of institutions and arrangements that allow the suppliers and demanders of long-term funds to make transactions.
A) forex market
B) capital market
C) money market
D) commodities market
capital market
Long-term debt instruments used by both government and business are known as ________.
A) preferred stocks
B) T-bills
C) bonds
D) equities
bonds
Which of the following is an example of marketable securities?
A) U.S. Treasury bills
B) treasury stock
C) mortgage backed securities
D) loans
U.S. Treasury bills
In a ________ market, the buyer and seller are brought together to trade securities in an organization called ________.
A) dealer; securities market
B) broker; over-the -counter market
C) broker; securities market
D) dealer; over-the-counter market
broker; securities market
Financial markets are intermediaries that channel the savings of individuals, businesses, and government into loans or investments.
T or F?
FALSE
Financial institutions
A public offering is the sale of a new security issue—typically debt or preferred stock—directly to an investor or group of investors.
T or F?
FALSE
Private placement
A primary market is a financial market in which pre-owned securities are traded
T or F?
FALSE
Most businesses raise money by selling their securities in a ________.
A) public offering
B) forex market
C) futures market
D) commodities market
public offering
Which of the following is a means of selling bonds or stocks to the public?
A) private placement
B) public offering
C) organized selling
D) direct placement
public offering
Which of the following is a forum in which suppliers and demanders of funds can transact business directly?
A) shadow banking system
B) financial markets
C) commercial banks
D) financial institutions
financial markets
The sale of a new security directly to an investor or a group of investors is called ________.
A) arbitraging
B) short selling
C) a capital market transaction
D) a private placement
a private placement
The money market is a market where investors trade highly liquid securities with maturities of 1 year or less.
T or F?
TRUE
The market for short-term bank deposits denominated in dollars and other currencies is the ________.
A) money market
B) Eurocurrency market
C) primary market
D) broker market
Eurocurrency market
The Eurocurrency market is a market where investors can exchange currencies, for example by trading dollars for euros.
T or F?
FALSE
The ________ market is where securities are initially issued and the ________ market is where pre-owned securities (not new issues) are traded.
A) primary; secondary
B) money; capital
C) secondary; primary
D) primary; money
primary; secondary
An efficient market is one where ________.
A) prices of stocks move up and down widely without apparent reason
B) prices of stocks remain low for long periods of time
C) prices of stocks are unaffected by market news
D) the price of a security is an unbiased estimate of its true value
the price of a security is an unbiased estimate of its true value
The ________ represents income to a market maker who helps facilitate securities trading.
A) commission
B) IPO underpricing
C) bid/ask spread
D) cost of doing business
bid/ask spread
You submit an order to buy 100 shares of stock. The price that you pay for the stock is more likely to be the ask price rather than the bid price.
T or F?
TRUE
The money market is a market ________.
A) that enables suppliers and demanders of long-term funds to make transactions
B) which brings together suppliers and demanders of short-term funds
C) where smaller, unlisted securities are traded
D) where all derivatives are traded
which brings together suppliers and demanders of short-term funds
In a securities market, the bid price is typically higher than the ask price
T or F?
FALSE
OTC market
A ________ is someone who helps facilitate securities trading by offering to buy or sell them at stated bid/ask prices.
A) market maker
B) stockbroker
C) day trader
D) middle man
market maker
Apex Inc. issues a bond of $1,000 which pays interest semiannually at a coupon interest rate of 8%. The maturity of the bond is 15 years. Where should this bond be traded?
A) forex market
B) money market
C) capital market
D) commodities market
capital market
One piece of evidence suggesting that the stock market is efficient is that most individual investors cannot earn returns that beat the overall market average return, but professional investors such as mutual fund and pension fund managers generally do earn higher-than-average returns.
T or F?
FALSE
One sign that the stock market is efficient is that prices in the market move seemingly at random, display almost no predictable, repeating patterns.
T or F?
TRUE
The Glass-Steagall Act was imposed to allow commercial and investment banks to combine and work together
T or F?
FALSE
The Glass-Steagall Act was an act of Congress in 1933 that created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and separated the activities of commercial and investment banks.
The Glass-Steagall Act ________.
A) was intended to regulate the activities in the secondary market
B) created the Securities Exchange Commission
C) separated the activities of commercial and investment banks
D) was intended to regulate the activities in the primary market
separated the activities of commercial and investment banks
The Securities Act of 1933 focuses on regulating the sale of securities in the primary market, whereas the 1934 Act deals with the regulations governing the transactions in the secondary market
T or F?
TRUE
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) ________.
A) is an agency, created by the Glass-Steagall Act ,that monitors banks on a regular basis to ensure that they were safe and sound
B) is an agency that monitors business combinations between commercial banks, investment banks, and insurance companies
C) guarantees individuals will not lose any money held at any type of financial institution that fails
D) guarantees individuals will not lose any money, up to a specified amount, held at any type of financial institution that fails
is an agency, created by the Glass-Steagall Act that monitors banks on a regular basis to ensure that they were safe and sound
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ________.
A) is created to monitor banks on a regular basis to ensure that they were safe and sound
B) allows business combinations between commercial banks and investment banks, but not insurance companies
C) allows business combinations between commercial banks, investment banks, and insurance companies
D) was signed during the Great Depression because of the financial crisis
allows business combinations between commercial banks, investment banks, and insurance companies
Which of the following acts regulates the secondary market?
A) The Securities Act of 1933
B) The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
C) The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
D) The Glass-Steagall Act
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
The ________ created new agencies including the Financial Stability Oversight Council and the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection.
A) Securities Exchange Act of 1934
B) Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
C) Securities Act of 1933
D) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
Which of the following acts regulates the primary market in which securities are originally issued to the public?
A) The Securities Act of 1933
B) The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
C) The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
D) The Glass-Steagall Act
The Securities Act of 1933
Small business investment companies (SBICs) are corporations chartered by the federal government that can borrow at attractive rates from the U.S. Treasury and use the funds to make venture capital investments in private companies
T or F?
TRUE
Angel capitalists or angels are wealthy individual investors who do not operate as a business but invest in early-stage companies in exchange for a portion of equity
T or F?
TRUE
A prospectus is another term for a firm’s annual report showing the firm’s prospects for the coming year
T or F?
FALSE
Which of the following is an attribute of investment bankers?
A) They make long-term investments for banking institutions.
B) They bear the risk of selling a security issue.
C) They act as middlemen between the issuer and the banker.
D) They provide the issuer with advice relating to the amounts of dividend to be paid.
They bear the risk of selling a security issue.
A prospectus is a portion of the security registration statement that describes the key aspects of the issue, the issuer, and its management and financial position.
T or F?
TRUE
An underwritten issue of common stock is one in which a firm purchases insurance to cover unexpected losses suffered by shareholders
T or F?
FALSE
A(n)________ is hired by a firm to find prospective buyers for its new stock or bond issue.
A) securities analyst
B) trust officer
C) commercial loan officer
D) investment banker
investment banker
When an investment bank buys new securities from a firm and takes on the responsibility of reselling those securities to the public it is engaged in ________.
A) market manipulation
B) underwriting
C) the road show
D) underpricing the security offering
underwriting
________ is a financial intermediary that specializes in selling new security issues.
A) An investment bank
B) A commercial bank
C) A securities dealer
D) A stock exchange
An investment bank
The term red herring refers to ________.
A) the fact that most firms conducting an IPO are losing money, also known as running red ink
B) a firm that is conducting an IPO without fully complying with all government regulations
C) the fact that IPOs are typically underpriced
D) an early version of the prospectus with red printing to indicate that the information the document contains is not final
an early version of the prospectus with red printing to indicate that the information the document contains is not final
The IPO offer price is the price at which a newly public firm’s shares begin trading in the secondary market.
T or F?
FALSE
Primary market
Which ordering below best describe the level of responsibility for helping a firm conduct an IPO
offering (ordering goes from most responsible to least responsible)?
A) originating investment bank > underwriting syndicate > selling group
B) originating investment bank > selling group > underwriting syndicate
C) underwriting syndicate > originating investment bank > selling group
D) selling group > underwriting syndicate > originating investment bank
originating investment bank > underwriting syndicate > selling group
A group formed by an investment banker to share the financial risk associated with underwriting new securities is called a(n) ________.
A) underwriting syndicate
B) selling group
C) investment banking consortium
D) broker pool
underwriting syndicate
The term initial public offering describes a transaction in which a firm sells securities directly to an investor or to a small group of investors
T or F?
FALSE.
Private placement
The document that a company conducting an initial public offering produces to describe the key aspects of the securities offered for sale is called the ________.
A) annual report to stockholders
B) term sheet
C) prospectus
D) tombstone
prospectus
When a firm sells stock to the public for the first time the transaction is called ________.
A) an initial public offering
B) a seasoned equity offering
C) a private placement
D) a secondary market offering
an initial public offering
A venture capitalist is considering investing in a very risky, early stage startup. Compared to investments that the VC might make in less risky companies ________.
A) the VC will pay more for the equity it receives and it will demand a greater share of the startup’s equity
B) the VC will pay less for the equity it receives and it will demand a greater share of the startup’s equity
C) the VC will pay more for the equity it receives and it will be willing to take a smaller share of the startup’s equity
D) the VC will pay less for the equity it receives and it will be willing to take a larger share of the startup’s equity
the VC will pay less for the equity it receives and it will demand a greater share of the startup’s equity
Based on the risks of the investments that they make, venture capital firms generally look for rates of return in the 5% to 15% range.
T or F?
FALSE
Venture capital firms are usually organized as corporations, and the public shareholders of the VC firm have a stake in the investments that the firm makes
T or F?
FALSE
One difference between angel investors and venture capitalists is ________.
A) venture capitalists are typically businesses, whereas angel investors are usually individuals
B) venture capitalists invest in risky startups, whereas angel investors put their money into more mature
businesses
C) venture capitalists make private equity investments whereas angel investors buy shares in companies
in the same way that the rest of the investing public does
D) angel investors are active and typically take a seat of the board of directors of any firm that they
provide financing for, whereas venture capital investors are more passive
venture capitalists are typically businesses, whereas angel investors are usually individuals
When venture capitalists invest money in a firm, they are making a private equity investment.
T or F?
TRUE
When home prices are rising it is easier for homeowners who have fallen behind on their mortgages to get caught up because ________.
A) they can sell their house and buy a smaller one
B) lenders will allow homeowners to use the built-up equity in their home to refinance their mortgages
C) they can rent out an extra room in their homes to earn extra income
D) with rising home prices homeowners will pay less in property taxes and use the savings to make
mortgage payments
lenders will allow homeowners to use the built-up equity in their home to refinance their mortgages
Subprime mortgages are ________.
A) mortgages that charge the borrower an interest rate that is less than the prime rate of interest
B) mortgages on pieces of real estate located in less than prime neighborhoods
C) loans to borrowers with lower incomes and/or poorer credit histories compared to prime borrowers
D) mortgages on which the borrower has already fallen behind on payments or defaulted
loans to borrowers with lower incomes and/or poorer credit histories compared to prime borrowers
Securitization is the process of pooling mortgages or other types of loans and selling the claims or securities against that pool in the secondary market.
T or F?
TRUE
A crisis in the financial sector often spills over into other industries because when financial institutions ________ borrowing, activity in most other industries ________.
A) increase; slows down
B) contract; slows down
C) increase; increases
D) contract; increases
contract; slows down
Securitization made it harder for banks to lend money because they could not pass the risk on to other investors
T or F?
FALSE
Mortgage-backed securities are securities that represent claims on the cash flows generated by a pool of mortgages
T or F?
TRUE
Prior to the 2008 financial crisis, most investors viewed mortgage-backed securities as relatively safe investments
T or F?
TRUE
Subprime mortgages are mortgage loans made to borrowers with high incomes and better than average credit histories
T or F?
FALSE
Recessions associated with a banking crisis tend to be more severe than other recessions because many businesses rely on credit to operate
T or F?
TRUE
The process of pooling mortgages or other types of loans and selling the claims or securities against that pool in the secondary market is called ________.
A) valuation
B) securitization
C) private placement
D) capital restructuring
securitization
The primary risk of mortgage-backed securities is ________.
A) that the prices of have high volatility
B) that the prices of housing will increase
C) that the government will not be able to meet the guarantees on the cash flows
D) that homeowners may not be able to, or choose not to, repay their loans
that homeowners may not be able to, or choose not to, repay their loans
Which of the following is true of mortgage-backed securities?
A) Mortgage-backed securities assure a flat 15% return.
B) Mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the U.S. government.
C) Mortgage-backed securities can only be purchased by investment banks.
D) Mortgage-backed securities represent claims on the cash flows generated by a pool of homeloans.
Mortgage-backed securities represent claims on the cash flows generated by a pool of homeloans.
When home prices are falling, we would expect a(n) ________.
A) high mortgage default rates
B) low mortgage default rates
C) unchanged mortgage default rates
D) higher percentage of owner home equity
high mortgage default rates
