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Med. Terminology > Chapter 2 Study Sections > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Study Sections Flashcards

1
Q

anabolism

A

Process of building up large proteins from small proteins called amino acids.

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2
Q

catabolism

A

Process of when complex nutrients are broken down into simpler substances and energy is released

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3
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Collection of fat cells

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4
Q

Cartilage

A

Flexible connective tissue often attached to bones at joints

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5
Q

Epithelial cells

A

Skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs

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6
Q

Histologist

A

Specialist in the study of tissues

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7
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

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8
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

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9
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain

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10
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck

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11
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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12
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder

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13
Q

Urethra

A

Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

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14
Q

Uterus

A

Womb; the organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops

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15
Q

Viscera

A

Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially the abdomen

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16
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomacg, gallblader, and intestines

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17
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull

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18
Q

Diaphram

A

Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

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19
Q

Dorsal (posterior)

A

Pertaining to the back

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20
Q

Mediastinum

A

Centrally located space outside of and between the lungs

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21
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.

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22
Q

Peritoneum

A

Double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

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23
Q

Pleura

A

Double folded membrane surrounding each lung

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24
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Space between the pleural layers

25
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Space within the spinal column (backbones) containing the spinal cord

26
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, brochial tubes, trachea, esophogus, and other organs

27
Q

Ventral (anterior)

A

Pertaining to the front page

28
Q

Hypochondriac

A

Right and left upper regions beneath the ribs

29
Q

Epigastric

A

Middle upper region above the stomach

30
Q

Lumbar

A

Right and left middle regions near the waist

31
Q

Umbilical

A

Central region near the navel

32
Q

Inguinal

A

Right and left lower regions near the groin. Also called iliac regions

33
Q

Hypogastric

A

Middle lower region below the umbilical region

34
Q

Cervical

A

Neck region (C1 to C7)

35
Q

Thoracic

A

Chest region (T1 to T12)

36
Q

Lumbar

A

Waist (loin) region (L1 to L5)

37
Q

Sacral

A

Region of the sacrum (S1 to S5)

38
Q

Coccygeal

A

Region of the coccyx (tailbone)

39
Q

Vertebra

A

Single backbone

40
Q

Vertebrae

A

Backbones

41
Q

Spinal column

A

Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

42
Q

Spinal cord

A

Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

43
Q

Disc

A

Pad of cartilage between vertebrae

44
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

Front surface of the body

45
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

46
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

Vertical plane diving the body of structure into anterior and posterior portions of

47
Q

Distal

A

Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure

48
Q

Inferior

A

Below another structure; pertaining to the lower part of the body

49
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

50
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body

51
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Back surface of the body

52
Q

Prone

A

Lying on the belly

53
Q

Proximal

A

Near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure

54
Q

Sagittal (lateral) plane

A

Lengthwise, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides

55
Q

Superficial

A

On the surface

56
Q

Superior (cephalic)

A

Above another structure; pertaining to the head

57
Q

Supine

A

Lying on the back

58
Q

Transverse (axial) plane

A

Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane diving the body into upper and lower portions

Med. Terminology (11 decks)

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