Chapter 2 - Starting Of Civilization Flashcards
An area between the Tigris and Eupharates rivers where the civilization of Sumer arose
Mesopotamia
Where the world’s first civilization arose around 3300 BC
Sumer
System of social ranking
Hierarchy
In ancient Mesopotamia a large stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to a city’s chief God or goddess.
Ziggurat
What are the three Samaritan cities ?
1) Uruk
2) Eridu
3) Ur
To stop flooding in the civilizations when it was near a river, what did they create?
They created canals and dikes
Ur and Uruk were built of dried _______ __________.
Clay bricks
Sumer created what first?
Sumerians created the first wheeled vehicle
Sumerians society was highly structured each city-state had a _____________.
Hierarchy
The Sumerians developed the earliest known writing systems called __________.
Cuneiform
What did cuneiform develop that recorded goods brought to the temple?
System of pictographs
Sumerians recorded the movements of planets and stars with the development of _______ & _______
Astronomy and math
Who created the number system?
Sumerians
Who used Sumerian knowledge ?
Babylonians, Greek, Romans
What was sumer’s legacy?
The counting system based on the number six and time (60 min)
Ruler of Akkad who conquered Sumer in 2300 BC and built the FIRST EMPIRE?
Sargon
What were the two branches still used today of Hammurabi’s code ?
Civil law and criminal law
How many rules are there is the Hammurabi code?
282
Hammurabi was the kid of ____________
Babylon
How did Hammurabi unify his empire ?
He unified it by using the law, the military, public works, and religion.
Law=
Military=
Public Works=
Religion=
Law= Hammurabi code
Public Works= imported irrigation
Religion= repaired temples and promoted Maduk, the patron God of Babylon
Order of conquests and rulers:
Hittites are next because of the iron use and chariots
Coming after Hittites are the Assyrians because they were fearless and used battle Rams and had Calvary.
After Assyrians were the Nebuchadnezzar
After the Nebuchadnezzar were the Persians
What is looting ?
When you steal something from someone when they are un defensive
Who was the man that made his wife a forest in the desert ?
Nebuchadnezzar
What is the east side ?
What is the west side ?
East side: Indus
West Side: Nile
In 539 BC Babylon fell to the ___________ armies of ____________ __________ __________, who successors built the largest empire yet seen.
Persian
Cyrus the Great
Who divided the empire into satrapy or provinces, each under a government?
Emperor Darius
What is satrapy like?
A county
Aserians built in?
Nineveh (idk he said this)
Persian empire under who’s control ?
Emperor Darius I
Darius encouraged the use of what?
The use of coins and the switch from barter economy to money economy
Persians were the first people to be ______________.
Monotheistic
Who was Zoroaster and what did he do?
He was a thinker who thought that there was one single God named ANURA MAZDA. He believed that only that one God could judge on the persons judgement day.
Phoenician were the “_____________ ____ _____________”
Carries of civilization
Phoenicians hooked on _________
Phoenix
The Phoenician discovered an ink called the what?
Tyrian Dye
This dye came from _________. It was a purplish color that was later used for _________.
Snails
Royalty
The Persians also created the 22 _____________ ____________
Constant alphabet
Upper and Lower Egypt was conquered by:
Menes
Menes United and created something known as a ________.
Capital
Old Capital:
Middle Capital:
New Capital:
Memphis
Thebes
Memphis
A vizier is a synonym for ________.
Sitra
The Middle Kingdom was a what kind of era?
Turbulent era
Who was the first Egyptian female ruler that dressed up as a man?
Hatshepsut
Who was a pharaoh who ruled for 66 years?
Ramses II
Ramses battled the Hittites before signing what?
The oldest peace treaty
What’s papyrus ?
Paper-like strips
A cursive form, hieratic script, and later demotic script used _______________ ______________.
Simplified symbols
Nebuchadnezzar fixed ___________.
Babylon
Cuneiform is to Sumerians as hieroglyphics are to _____________
Edpgyptians
Egyptians were the first to know about
Geometry
Iron tools:
Hittites
Israelites brought ____________ that was all powerful
Monotheism
State the river valley civilizations
Nile
Tigris & Euphrates
Shang
Indus
Yahweh is who?
God
Moral laws are NOT in the _____________
Constitution
Who was Olsairus ?
God of the Nile
