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med term > chapter 2 skeletal systems > Flashcards

chapter 2 skeletal systems Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of bone

A

support, protection, mineral storage, blood cell formation, anchoring and movement of muscle

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2
Q

Epiphysis

A

end part of a long bone

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3
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of a long bone

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4
Q

articular cartilage

A

smooth tissue that cover the end of a bone to form joints

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5
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy, porous bone
aka trabecular bone
mostly found in the epiphysis of a bone
contains red blood marrow, where hematopoiesis (production of red blood cells) occurs

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6
Q

epiphyseal (growth plate)

A

thin layer between epiphysis and diaphysis where growth of bone takes place

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7
Q

cortical bone

A

strong, dense bones found on the outer layer of a bone
(houses yellow marrow blood supply, nerves)

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8
Q

diarthroses (diarthritic)

A

freely movable joints
ex) all common joints

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9
Q

amphiarthrosis (amphiarthritic)

A

slightly movable
ex) chondrocostal, pubic

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10
Q

synarthroses (synarthritic)

A

not movable
ex) sutures of the cranium

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11
Q

synovial joints

A

type of diarthritic joint, fluid

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12
Q

Trochanter

A

biggest type of mounds on bones

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13
Q

tubercle

A

2nd biggest type of mounds on bones

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14
Q

Tuberosity

A

smallest type of mounds on bones

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15
Q

condyle

A

little dent on the end of bone

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16
Q

Axial skeleton

A

any bones on the midsagittal plane
ex) skull, sternum, ribs, spine

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17
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

bones not touching the midsagittal plane
ex) shoulder, arms, wrists, hand, pelvic girdle, leg, etc.

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18
Q

analgesic drug

A

pain reliever

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19
Q

anti-inflammatory drug

A

steroids and non steroids. prescription only
ex) corticosteroids

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20
Q

antipyretic drug

A

fever reducer

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21
Q

narcotic drug

A

drug that relieves pain and induces sleep by depressing the nervous system

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22
Q

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

A

advil, tylenol. prescription not needed to get

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23
Q

immunosuppressants

A

used for autoimmune conditions by interrupting inflammation

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24
Q

ATT PHYS

A

attending physician

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25
Q

CRIF

A

Closed Reduction and Internal Fixation

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26
Q

CT

A

computerized tomography

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27
Q

DJD

A

Degenerative Joint Disease

28
Q

PRN

A

as needed

29
Q

RA

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

30
Q

Ankylosis

A

stiff joint caused by adhesion or abnormal fusion of bones

31
Q

osteoarthritis

A

cartilage degenerate from inflamed synovial fluid
caused by injury to a joint
aka wear and tear

32
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

parts own immune system is causing inflammation in fluid

33
Q

gout

A

autoimmune arthritis in which uric acid crystals are deposited into the joint

34
Q

kyphosis

A

accentuated thoracic curve

35
Q

lordosis

A

exaggerated lumbar curve (swayback)

36
Q

myeloma

A

malignant tumor of the bone marrow

37
Q

ostealgia

A

bone pain

38
Q

osteomyelitis

A

infection of bone and bone marrow

39
Q

osteosarcoma

A

malignant tumor of the bone

40
Q

scoliosis

A

exaggerated or any lateral curve of thoracic or lumbar curve

41
Q

subluxation

A

malalignment of a joint

42
Q

comminuted fracture

A

bone breaks into many fragments

43
Q

compression fracture

A

bone is crushed

44
Q

depressed fracture

A

broken bone portion is pressed inward

45
Q

impacted fracture

A

broken bone ends are forced into each other

46
Q

spiral fracture

A

ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone

47
Q

greenstick fracture

A

bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks
(common among children)

48
Q

closed reduction

A

bones are gently coaxed into position by physician’s hands

49
Q

open reduction

A

bones are realigned with instruments or by hand during surgery

50
Q

manipulation (closed reduction)

A

attempt to realign the bone involved or joint dislocation

51
Q

traction

A

external force exerted on a limb in a distal (axial) direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment

52
Q

immobilization (stabilization)

A

act of bracing or casting the bone in a fixed position with strapping or cast

53
Q

external fixation

A

fracture treatment procedure in which screws/hardware are placed through the skin and into the bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of bone firmly in place while healing

54
Q

internal fixation (open reduction internal fixation, ORIF)

A

treatment procedure in which screws or a plate are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place.

55
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of a joint

56
Q

bone density test

A

xray of hip bone to determine if patient has osteoporosis

57
Q

bone marrow aspiration

A

using a needle and syringe to extract liquid from the marrow for transplantation

58
Q

computerized tomography (CT)

A

high powered xray machine; high radiation

59
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

image is produced using magnets; high powered, expensive

60
Q

rheumatoid factor (RF)

A

blood test that is used to detect rheumatoid arthritis

61
Q

x-ray

A

very quick, cheap, easy images with minimal radiation risk

62
Q

arthrocentesis

A

removal of fluid from a joint

63
Q

bone grafting

A

transplanting bone from one bone to a joint usually in the same patient

64
Q

bursectomy

A

surgical removal of the bursa

65
Q

diskectomy

A

surgical removal of the intervertebral disk

66
Q

spondylosyndesis

A

surgical fusion of a joint

67
Q

tenotomy

A

surgical incision of the tendon

med term (1 decks)

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