Chapter 2 Section 1/2

Question 1

Shaking and trembling of the earth due to the force known as stress this stress adds energy to the rock which then stores it until it releases

Answer 1

Earthquake

Question 2

Stress that pushes rock in two opposite directions

Answer 2

Shearing

Question 3

Pulls on the crust stretching rock

Answer 3

Tension

Question 4

Squeezes rock together until in folds or breaks

Answer 4

Compression

Question 5

Any change in the volume or shape of earths crust

Answer 5

Deformation

Question 6

If enough stress builds up the rock will break and create what

Answer 6

A fault

Question 7

Rock on each side of the fault slip past each other sideways (shearing):transform boundary

Answer 7

Strike slip fault

Question 8

Fault that is at an angle so one block of rock lies above the fault and the other below(tension):divergent boundary

Answer 8

Normal fault

Question 9

Same structure as a normal fault but the blocks move in opposite directions(compression):convergent boundary

Answer 9

Reverse fault

Question 10

Moves up

Answer 10

Hanging wall

Question 11

Moves down

Answer 11

Footwall

Question 12

What determines how rocks move along a fault

Answer 12

Friction

Question 13

When normal faults uplift a block of rock

Answer 13

Fault-block mountain

Question 14

Formed from compression which forms, folds, or bends in the rock

Answer 14

Folded mountains

Question 15

A large area of flat land elevated above sea level

Answer 15

Plateau

Question 16

A fold that bends upward into an arch

Answer 16

Anticline

Question 17

A fold of rock that bends downward into a U-shape

Answer 17

Syncline

Question 18

The point between the surface where the earthquakes occur

Answer 18

Focus

Question 19

Point on the surface directly above the focus

Answer 19

Epicenter

Question 20

Vibrations that travel through earth carrying energy released by a earthquake

Answer 20

Seismic waves

Question 21

Waves that compress and expand the ground like an accordion
Travels through solids and liquids
Arrives 1st

Answer 21

Primary waves

Question 22

Waves that vibrate side to side as well as up and down
Only travel through solids
Arrives 2nd

Answer 22

Secondary waves

Question 23

When P and S waves reach the surface
Slowest of the waves
Causes the most damage

Answer 23

Surface waves

Question 24

The measurement of a earthquakes strength

Answer 24

Magnitude

Question 25

Instrument used to record ground movement caused by seismic waves moving through earth

Answer 25

Seismograph

Question 26

Rates earthquakes according to their intensity of ground motion(damage)
1-12 most damage
Tells how it effects people, buildings, and land

Answer 26

Mercalli scale

Question 27

Rating of the size of seismic waves as measured by seismograph
Scale 1-9>
Provides accurate measurements of small and nearby quakes

Answer 27

Richter scale

Question 28

System that estimates the total energy released 
Can rate all sizes near and far
Replaced the Richter scale 
Below 5.0 little damage
Above 5.0 great damage

Answer 28

Moment magnitude