Chapter 2 Review Flashcards
What is at the center of the heliocentric model of the universe?
Sun
What is at the center of the geocentric model of the universe?
Earth
Planet comes for the Greek word meaning “wanderers”–because of their backward motion–this motion is called….
Retrograde Motion
Did everyone believe in Copernicus’ heliocentric model right away?
No
Which was simpler–Ptolemy’s or Copernicus’ model of the universe?
Copernicus
Do Kepler’s laws explain why the planets move as they do?
No, it explains HOW
Did Galileo invent the telescope?
No, he was the first to use it to observe the night sky.
When masses increase…
Gravity increases
When distances increase…
Gravity decreases
Kepler determined that the orbital paths of the planets were what shape? And what was at one focus?
Elliptic
The Sun
Do the planets move faster or slower when they are closer to the sun?
Faster
Which planet goes around the sun the fastest according to Kepler’s 3rd law?
Mercury
What force pulls the planets into their orbits?
Gravity
T/F
Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model.
True
T/F
Ptolemy’s model was heliocentric
False
T/F
The earliest philosophers/scientists thought everything was ‘perfect & unchanging’.
True
T/F
Every object in the universe attracts every other object due to gravity.
True
T/F
The epicycles in Ptolemy’s model explained the retrograde motion of the planets.
True
Which scientist first used a telescope to make astronomical observations?
Galileo
Which scientist first proposed the heliocentric model of the universe?
Copernicus
Which scientist made a complicated geocentric model of the universe?
Ptolemy
Who first saw craters & mountains on the moon?
Galileo
Who described the law of gravity?
Newton
Who observed the 4 largest moons of Jupiter?
Galileo
Who was a famous astronomer with lots of instruments in his observatory, but no telescope?
Brahe
Who had little circles called epicycles in his model?
Ptolemy
Who calculated the 3 laws of planetary motion?
Kepler
Who first saw & described the phases of Venus?
Galileo
Who described the 3 laws of motion?
Newton
Who had a fake nose?
Brahe
Who used Tycho Brahe’s data to make his calculations?
Kepler
Who first observed sunspots?
Galileo
