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AQA Legacy B2 > Chapter 2 - Respiration and Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Respiration and Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What does the stomata do?

A

They allow gases such as carbon dioxide and oxgen to move in and out of the cell

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the waxy cuticles?

A

They prevent water loss

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3
Q

What are the raw materials of photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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4
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide + water == light energy/chlorophyll ==> glucose + oxygen

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5
Q

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

A

CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

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6
Q

How does light intensity impact photosynthesis?

A

If there is more light, the faster the rate of photosynthesis occurs

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7
Q

How does carbon dioxide concentration impact photosynthesis?

A

The more concentrated the carbon dioxide, the more photosynthesis occurs

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8
Q

What other components are needed for photosynthesis?

A

Chlorophyll

Sunlight

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9
Q

What is a limiting factor?

A

A factor that controls how quickly photosynthesis and so limits the rate

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10
Q

What happens to plant enzymes in temperatures above 45C?

A

They begin to break down or denature.

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11
Q

How do guard cells help the process of photosynthesis?

A

The guard cells allow gas exchange and control the opening and the closing of the stomata

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12
Q

What is denaturing?

A
  • when an enzyme stops functioning

- changing the shape of the protein

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13
Q

What can glucose be used for?

A
  • Energy is broken down to turn other sugars into amino acids which build up proteins
  • Respiration
  • Stored as starch (in leaves, seeds, and roots)
  • Energy stored as sucrose (in fruit)
  • Make cellulose in cell walls (main structural material)
  • Make fats and oils (stored in seeds)
  • Growth, Repair, Replace damaged parts
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14
Q

How do palisade cells help the process of photosynthesis?

A

They contain choloroplasts which is where photosynthesis occurs and is located at the top of the leaf to attract sunlight

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15
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water through cell membranes dependent on the concentration of solutes. Water moves from low concentrations of solutes to high concentration of solutes.

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16
Q

Give the conditions necessary for photosynthesis…

A 
Suitable temperature range
The availability of water
The availability of carbon dioxide
Amount of sunlight
Amount of chlorophyll in the plant
17
Q

Why is osmosis counterintutive to our knowledge of diffusion?

A

In this case, the WATER is moving from low concentration of solutes to high concentration of solutes

18
Q

Explain the plant structure ( eg. the leaves and their structure and so on)

A

The leaves are the main site of photosynthesis, glucose is produced here, carbon dioxide enters here and oxygen leaves here.
The flowers are the reproductive organs and they attract pollinators.
The stem gives structure and carries water and minerals as well as transferring the glucose.
The roots absorb the water and minerals.

19
Q

What is a HYPOtonic solution?

A

A hypotonic solution has a low concentration of solutes outside the cell. and has a high concentration inside the cell.

20
Q

What is a ISOtonic solution?

A

A solution that has the same amount of solutes on the in and outside of the cell.

21
Q

What is a HYPERtonic solution?

A

A solution has a high concentration of solutes outside the cell.

22
Q

What happens to a plant cell in a HYPOtonic solution?

A

The cell will absorb the water and become turgid.

23
Q

What happens to a plant cell in a HYPERtonic solution?

A

The cell membrane separates from the cell wall (plasmolysis) as water is leaving the cell.

24
Q

What happens to animal cell in a HYPOtonic solution?

A

The cell will take in a lot of water, causing it to lyse (burst).

25
Q

What happens to an animal cell in a HYPERtonic solution?

A

The cell loses water so it shrivels and cannot function

same

26
Q

Where in a cell does photosynthesis occur?

A

Chloroplasts

27
Q

What is the formula for RESPIRATION?

A

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

C6H12O6+O2→CO2+H2O(+energy)

28
Q

How do plants release energy from glucose?

A

Respiration

29
Q

What colours the plant green?

A

Chloroplasts/chlorophyll

AQA Legacy B2 (6 decks)

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