chapter 2: renaissance era

Question 1

what new developments had been made since medieval times?

Answer 1

• reformation
• invention of the microscope
• creation of the printing press
• people began to spend more on education

Question 2

what was reformation and how did it lead to developments in medicine?

Answer 2

individuals began to question things like the roles of god and science

Question 3

how did the invention of the microscope lead to developments in medicine?

Answer 3

helped scientists and doctors make huge discoveries and explain them

Question 4

how did the creation of the printing press lead to developments in medicine?

Answer 4

allowed ideas & progressions in medicine to be spread quicker across europe

Question 5

why did people begin spending more on education?

Answer 5

english people had become wealthier since the black death

Question 6

what were the results of people spending more on education?

Answer 6

literacy rates increased leading to more people accessing new scientific ideas

Question 7

what did vesalius do?

Answer 7

stole human bodies and dissected them to gain more accurate knowledge of human anatomy

Question 8

what was the name of vesalius’ book and what did it contain?

Answer 8

‘fabric of the human body’ - it contained detailed pictures of the human body, challenging galen’s ideas

Question 9

what did paré do?

Answer 9

• he was a french army surgeon & developed ideas about surgery
• he discovered ways to prevent bleeding - ligatures

Question 10

what did paré do when he ran out of supplies to treat wounds during battle?

Answer 10

he used an ointment of egg yolk, turpentine and oil of roses & it worked

Question 11

what did paré use to prevent bleeding after amputations?

Answer 11

he used ligatures instead of cauterisation & his method was more successful

Question 12

what was paré’s book called?

Answer 12

‘collected works’

Question 13

were paré’s ideas accepted by people?

Answer 13

no, his ideas were met with scepticism by most

Question 14

what did harvey do?

Answer 14

challenged galen’s ideas by proving that blood flows around the body through arteries and returns to the heart in veins (he proved the heart acts as a pump)

Question 15

why was harvey in a strong position to influence medical ideas in britain?

Answer 15

he was a doctor to king charles I and king james I

Question 16

what did harvey publish in 1628?

Answer 16

a book called’an atanomical account of the motion of the heart and blood in animals’

Question 17

what was the great plague?

Answer 17

another bubonic plague, however much smaller than the black death

Question 18

what was the cause of the spread of the great plague?

Answer 18

• poor sanitation
• sewage and waste in streets
• increase in black rats which carried the bubonic plague
• wealthy people began to leave london, spreading it across europe

Question 19

were the government more or less organised this time compared to the black death?

Answer 19

more organised

Question 20

what action did the government take to try and stop the spread of the great plague?

Answer 20

• quarantine for incoming ships
• a red cross was painted on the (locked) door of a house of someone with the plague
• searchers were employed to identify causes of death
• cats & dogs were killed as they were believed to be spreading the disease (however this made it worse as cats stopped rats from spreading it)
• ordered people to light fires to mask the bad air

Question 21

what did people do that they believed cured the great plague?

Answer 21

• bloodletting and purging
• plague doctors (wore leather cloaks, masks containing herbs, gloves and hats)

Question 22

what were the consequences of the great plague?

Answer 22

approx. 75,000 died - a lot less then the black death due to a more organised government response