Chapter 2 - Positional Terms

Question 1

Ventral

Answer 1

underside of belly or body part

Question 2

Dorsal

Answer 2

back; and cranial surface of paws

Question 3

Cranial

Answer 3

toward the head

Question 4

Caudal

Answer 4

toward the tail

Question 5

Anterior

Answer 5

front of body

Question 6

Posterior

Answer 6

rear of body

Question 7

Rostral

Answer 7

nose end of head

Question 8

Cephalic

Answer 8

pertaining to the head

Question 9

Medial

Answer 9

toward the midline

Question 10

Lateral

Answer 10

away from midline

Question 11

Superior

Answer 11

upper, above, toward the head

Question 12

Inferior

Answer 12

lower, below or toward the tail

Question 13

Proximal

Answer 13

nearest midline, nearest beginning of structure

Question 14

Distal

Answer 14

farthest from midline, farthest from beginning of structure

Question 15

Palmer

Answer 15

caudal surface of front paw and carpus. ( think palm of hand)

Question 16

Plantar

Answer 16

caudal surface of back paw and tarsus. (think foot - plantar warts)

Question 17

Superficial

Answer 17

near surface; external

Question 18

Deep

Answer 18

away from surface; internal

Question 19

Physiology

Answer 19

study of body functions

Question 20

Pathology

Answer 20

study of disease

Question 21

Etiology

Answer 21

study of disease causes

Question 22

Cytology

Answer 22

study of cells

Question 23

Histology

Answer 23

study of tissue

Question 24

Uni- Mono-

Answer 24

1

Question 25

Duo- Bi- Dyo-

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Tri-

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Quadri- Quadro- Tetr- Tetra-

Answer 27

4

Question 28

Quinqu- Quint- Pent- Penta-

Answer 28

5

Question 29

Sex- Hex- Hexa-

Answer 29

6

Question 30

Sept- Septi- Hept- Hepta-

Answer 30

7

Question 31

Octo- Oct- Octa- Octo-

Answer 31

8

Question 32

Novem- Nonus- Ennea-

Answer 32

9

Question 33

Deca- Decem- Dek- Deka-

Answer 33

10

Question 34

Adduction

Answer 34

movement toward midline

Question 35

Abduction

Answer 35

movement away from midline

Question 36

Flexion

Answer 36

closure of a joint angle or reduction of the angle between two bones

Question 37

Extension

Answer 37

straightening of a joint or an increase in an angle between two bones

Question 38

Hyperextension vs. hyperflexion

Answer 38

over straightening vs over closure

Question 39

Midsagittal Plane

Answer 39

aka median or midline; divides the body into equal right and left halves

Question 40

Sagittal Plane

Answer 40

divided the body into unequal right and left halves

Question 41

Dorsal Plane

Answer 41

aka front or coronal; divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts (towards back - towards stomach)

Question 42

Transverse Plane

Answer 42

divides the body into cranial and caudal parts

Question 43

Dorsal Recumbency

Answer 43

lying on the back

Question 44

Ventral Recumbency

Answer 44

lying on the belly aka sternal

Question 45

Left Lateral Recumbency

Answer 45

lying on left side

Question 46

Right Lateral Recumbency

Answer 46

lying on right side

Question 47

Lingual

Answer 47

faces the tongue on mandible

Question 48

Palatal

Answer 48

faces the tongue on the maxilla

Question 49

Buccal

Answer 49

faces cheek

Question 50

Occlusal

Answer 50

Meet when chewing

Question 51

Labial

Answer 51

face the lips

Question 52

Contact

Answer 52

tooth touch other teeth divided into

Question 53

Mesial

Answer 53

closest to midline

Question 54

Distal

Answer 54

furthest from midline