Chapter 2 - Population Flashcards
Agricultural density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.
Arable land
Land suited for agriculture.
Arithmetic density
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Crude birth rate (CBR)
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Crude death rate (CDR)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Demographic transition
The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population.
Dependency ratio
The number of people whoa re considered too young or too old to work (under age 15 or over age 64), compared to the number of people in their productive years.
Doubling time
The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.
Elderly support ratio
The number of working-age people (15-64) divided by the number of persons 65 or older.
Epidemiologic transition
Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.
Epidemiology
Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people.
Infant mortality rate (IMR)
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.
Life expectancy
The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.
Natural increase rate (NIR)
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.
Overpopulation
The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.
