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management integrity > chapter 2 pipeline mechanical integrity assesment methodoligies > Flashcards

chapter 2 pipeline mechanical integrity assesment methodoligies Flashcards

1
Q

Gas pipeline incident data classified into ___ ______ causes

A

22 root

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2
Q

one of the 22 root causes is _______

A

unknown

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3
Q

three time dependent corrosion threats are

A

external
internal
stress

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4
Q

stable threats due to manufacturing-related threats

A

defective pipe seams

defective pipes

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5
Q

stable threats due to welding or fabrication related

A

defective pipe girth weld

defective fabrication weld

wrinkle bend or buckle

stripped threads/broken pipe/ coupling failure

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6
Q

manufacturing-related threats, and welding/fabrication related are _______ threats

A

stable

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7
Q

Third party/mechanical damage

incorrect operational procedures

weather related and outside force

are all _____ ______ threats

A

Time-independent

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8
Q

damage inflicted by first, second or third parties

previously damaged pipe

vandalism

are all ______ _______ / ________ threats

A

third party/mechanical

listed under time independent

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9
Q

incorrect operational procedures

A

listed under time-independent

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10
Q

cold weather
lightning
heavy rains or floods
earth movements

A

weather related and outside force

listed under time-independent

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11
Q 
identify threat
gather integrate data
risk assessment
integrity assessment
mitigation/inspection intervals
updated, integrate, and review data
reassess risk
A

seven step conducted to complete the integrity management process.

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12
Q

three generally accepted methods for assessing the integrity of pipelines

A

In-Line inspections
Hydrostatic pressure tests
Direct assessment

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13
Q

for validating the mechanical integrity of pipelines, used as a strength test and as a leak test

A

pressure test or

hydrostatic test

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14
Q

a limitation of pressure testing that occurs when a defect survives a higher hydrostatic test pressure but fails at a lower pressure.

A

pressure reversal

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15
Q

used for liquid lines

A

MOP

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16
Q

used for gas lines

A

MAOP

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17
Q

pressure testing can be used on new or

A

previous installations

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18
Q

the strength test requirements for steel pipeline to operate at a hoop stress of ___% or more of SMYS (specified minimum yield strength)

A

30

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19
Q

changes that happed slowly over a period of time

A

creep

20
Q

line must be reasonably free of air or other entrapped gases.

A

Line fill

21
Q

volume and pressure variation ratio (DV/DP)[delta variation/delta pressure]

A

pre-test calculation

22
Q

several factors that affect accuracy of test results.

A

fluid temperature
entrained air
coefficient of thermal expansion

23
Q

instrument with one psi increments and a calibrated pressure chart recorder

A

dead weight tester

24
Q

pressure test advantages

A

cost effective

eliminates defects

25
Q

pressure test disadvantages

A 
bacteria
stop service
safety concerns'
root cause not provided
no info on remaining defects
26
Q

an expensive and a non destructive testing tool

A

ILI InLine Inspection

27
Q 
corrosion detection
crack detection
geometry
self-propelled
fluid-propelled
cable pulled
crawler
A

types of ILI tools

28
Q

three primary tools used for specific measurement of pipeline thickness due to corrosion

A

standard resolution MFL
high resolution MFL
ultrasonic compression wave tool

29
Q

magnetize the pipe wall. introduces a strong magnetic field into the component wall

A

standard resolution MFL

30
Q

more sensors and can discriminate by ID/OD anomalies

A

high-resolution MFL

31
Q

distinction between internal and external defects

direct measurement and high accuracy of wall thickness and depth

approximate remaining wall thickness

direct description of anomaly

A

ultrasonic compression wave tool

32
Q

ultrasonic crack detection
transverse MFL
elastic wave tools
electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT)

A

crack detection tools detect longitudinal cracks

33
Q

send ultrasound in two directions along pipeline to locate and size longitudinal -oriented cracks. ultrasound sent in clockwise and counter clockwise.

A

elastic wave tools

34
Q

detection of cracks in dry gas pipelines. oscillates

A

Electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT)

35
Q

caliper tools
pipe geometry tools
mapping tools

A

geometry tools

36
Q

use a set of mechanical finger/arms detects dents and deformations

A

caliper tools

37
Q

like caliper but uses gyroscope to provide o’clock position

A

pipe geometry tools

38
Q

used with other tools provide geographical coordinates using GPS. Does XYZ mapping

A

mapping tools

39
Q

bends and radius needs to be ____ of the diameter of the pipe

A

3X

40
Q

miter bends need ______ or less

A

12*(12degrees)

41
Q

valves and other internal obstruction need ______ pieces for diameter change . Have minimum slope of 1:5

A

transition

42
Q

ovality needs to be restricted to ____ or less

A

3%

43
Q

once an ILI is established can rerun at appropriate intervals to monitor new or changes in _____ amomalies

A

existing

44
Q

ILI tools are normally _____ and ______ than normal utility pigs

A

longer and heavier

45
Q

a portable or permanently installed device placed on the surface above a pipeline that both detects and records passage on an ILI tool

A

above ground market (AGM)

46
Q

a computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically-referenced information.

A

Geographical information system (GIS)

47
Q

_____ ____ provided at tees and wyes when a branch connection is greater than or equal to 50% of the mainline diameter

A

Guide bars

management integrity (3 decks)

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