chapter 2: people in business Flashcards
overdue
money has not been paid by the time expected
communication
sending or receiving messages
communication channels
routes along which information might travel in a business
subordinates
people in a hierarchy who work under the control of a more senior worker
upward communication
passing messages from the bottom of an organisation to those on the top
horizontal communication
exchange of information between parties on the same level of the organisations hierarchy
internal communication
communication between people inside the business
external communication
communication between the business and people outside the business
formal communication
use of recognized channels when communicating
informal communication
use of non-approved channels when communicating
communication barriers
obstacles that prevent effective communication between the sender and the receiver
redeployment
moving someone or something to a different place or job
hospitality industry
when companies entertain clients or take them on trips in order to get business
maternity leave
time when a mother is allowed to spend away from work when she has a baby
paternity leave
time when a father is allowed to spend away from work when he has a new born
job description
documents that shows the tasks, duties and responsibilities expected of a worker for a particular job
person specification
personal profile of the type of person needed to do a particular job
job application form
document used to collect information from a job applicant
curriculum vitae
document used by a job seeker that lists personal details qualifications, work experience, references and other details
shortlist
list of the most suitable people for a job, chosen from all the people who were first considered
induction
introduction of someone into a new job,company or official position
appraisal
meeting between an employee and manger to discuss the quality of the employees work and areas for future progress
forklift truck
vehicle with special equipment on the front for lifting and moving heavy things
personnel manager
manager that is in charge of taking care of a company’s employees, organizing recruitment, training and so on..
exploitation
where a person is treated unfairly, and are asked to do a lot with very little in return
discrimination
favoring someone over the other
unfair dismissal
when a worker is dismissed illegally by a business
ombudsman
someone who deals with complaints from ordinary people against the government,banks, insurance companies and so on..
ethnic origin
the birthplace of a group of people from a different race
harassment
when someone behaves in a threatening manner
accommodate
to adapt an environment for someone in order to meet their needs
tribunal
type of court that is given official authority to deal with a particular situation or problem
minimum wage
minimum amount per hour which most workers are entitled to be paid to ensure that they can afford the necessities
apprenticeship
system of training new entrants
arrears
money that you owe someone or that is owed to you
training
increasing the knowledge and skills of a worker
induction training
training given to new employees when they first start a job
on the job training
training that takes place while doing the job
off the job training
training that takes place away from the work area
mentoring
people with a lot of experience and knowledge advise and help the young people or people preparing for work
supervision
when you observe someone or something
job rotation
where employees alternate between different jobs during the course of their employment
motivation
desire to achieve a goal
social needs
human needs to communicate, develop friendships and belong
job satisfaction
pleasure, enjoyment or sense of achievement that employees get from work
hygiene factors (Herzberg)
things at work that result in dissatisfaction
motivators (Herzberg)
things at work that result in satisfaction
job enrichment
making a job more challenging and interesting
maslow’s hierarchy of needs
order of peoples needs starting with basic human needs
physiological needs
basic needs of humans for survival
remuneration
money paid to employees for their work or services
time rate
payment system based on the amount of time employees spend at work
gross pay
pay before deductions, such as tax
net pay
take home pay, that is, pay after deductions, such as income tax pension contributions or student loan repayments
overtime
rate of pay above the normal rate to compensate employees for working extra hours
salary
a pay that is expressed as a yearly figure but paid monthly
piece rate
payment system where workers receive an amount of money for each unit produced
performance-related- pay
payment system designed for non-manual workers, where pay increases are given if performance target are met
incentives
something that encourages you to work harder
bonus systems
payments in addition to the basic wage for reaching targets or in recognition for service
commission
payment based on the value of sales, usually a percentage of sales made
fringe benefits
benefits over and above the normal wages
autonomy
giving workers the authority to make choices and decisions about the way they work
formal organisation
internal structure of a business as shown by an organisation chart
organisational chart
diagram that shows the different job roles in a business and how they relate to each other
hierarchy
order or levels of responsibility in an organisation from the lowest to the highest
authority
right to command and make decisions
payroll officer
someone who is responsible for the administration of workers pay in an organisation
accounts clerk
someone who keeps records or accounts in an office
chain of command
route through which orders are passed down in a hierarchy
subordinates
people in the hierarchy who work under the control of a more senior worker
delegation
authority to pass down work from a superior to a subordinate
span of control
number of people a person is directly responsible for in a business
centralized
type of organisation system where decision making is pushed down the chain of command and away from the top
grievances
belief that you have been treated unfairly, or a unfair situation or event that affects and upsets you
trade unions
organisations, usually in a particular trade or profession that represent workers, especially in meetings with employers
departments
sections in a business where all employees have similar skills and specialize in particular activities
contracts of employments
written agreements between employer and an employee in which each has certain obligations
employment tribunal
court that deals with cases involving disputes between employers and employees
market oriented
where a business focuses on the needs of consumers when developing products
wholesalers
persons or businesses that buy goods from manufacturers and sell them in smaller quantities for retailers
