Chapter 2; Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Question 1

neurons

Answer 1

-colllect info from the sensory organs (sight, taste, smell) and from rest of body and react by coordinating the bodies responses

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

consists of nerve fibers thatcarry info from sensory receptors into the CNS and carry instructions from the CNS back to the muscles and organs

-most pass through spinal cord

Question 4

cerebral cortex

Answer 4

tissue covering the top and sides of brain-largest structure of th brain

-folded extensively-like piece of paper crumbled into ball

Question 5

cerebellum

Answer 5

coordination of movement

Question 6

parietal

Answer 6

helps you feel differences between silk and sandpaper

Question 7

brainstem

Answer 7

connect brain and spinal cord

automatic functions, breathing

Question 8

information flows from?

Answer 8

dendrites to axons

Question 9

Gall

Answer 9

Phrenology

-size and shape of skull-measurements compared to individuals personalities and abilities

Question 10

CT Scan

Answer 10

multiple x-ray images at multiple angles

-show location well

Question 11

mri

Answer 11

magnet

aligns magnetic magnetic properties of small fraction of atoms - radio waves disturb atoms-electrical currents- radio waves stop- atoms return to aligned state

signal–used to image inside of head

Question 12

PET

Answer 12

Injection of a radioactive substance

(e.g., 2-deoxyglucose) into the bloodstream,

which is taken up by parts of the brain according

to how active they are

Question 13

functional imaging techniques

Answer 13

PET, fmri

activity during task- activity at baseline= difference image

Question 14

fmri

good_____

low_____

Answer 14

spatial

temporal

Question 15

EEG

Answer 15

poor spatial, great temporal

Question 16

Bell Magendie Law of Neural Specialization

Answer 16

spinal cord has 2 parallel nerve pathways one for sensing one for responding

Question 17

two distinct types of nerve fibers connecting muscles to spinal cord

Answer 17

one PNS into spinal cord

other; motor singals from spinal cord to the muscles

dog: sensory cut, pain sensation disappears

Question 18

glumate

Answer 18

excitatory

Question 19

GABA

Answer 19

inhibitory

Question 20

excitatory vs inhibitory

Answer 20

• activate receptors that increase likelihood of postsynaptic neuron firing
  inhibitory: activate receptors that decrease the likelihood of postsynaptic firing

Question 21

AMPA receptor

Question 22

Hyperpolarization

Answer 22

more negative