Chapter 2 - Nervous System Flashcards
What is the human movement system/kinetic chain
The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems
Nervous system
one of the main organ systems of the body, consisting of a network of billions of cells called neurons that transmit and coordinate signals to provide a communication network within the body
2 parts of nervous system
Central and peripheral
central nervous system
the brain and spinal chord
peripheral nervous system
the nerves that connect the brain and spinal chord to the rest of the body
Primary functions of the nervous system
sensory, integrative and motor functions
Sensory function
the ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment
Integrated function
the ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret the sensory information to allow for proper decision making to produce appropriate response
Motor function
the neuromuscular (nervous and muscular systems) response to sensory information, such as causing a muscle to contract when stretched too far or changing walking pattern when walking on sand vs. walking of sidewalk
Proprioception
the body’s ability to sense the relative position of adjacent body parts
Neuron
functional unit of the nervous system
Parts of the neuron
cell body, axon, dendrites
Cell body (soma)
contains a nucleus and organelles (lyosomes, mitochondria and Golgi complex)
Axon
cylindrical projection from the cell body that transmits nervous impulse to other neurons, muscles and organs Provides communication from brain and spinal chord to other parts of the body
Dendrites
gather info from other structures and transmit it back to the neurons
