Chapter 2 Mock Flashcards
What is a scalar quantity
Is a quantity that just has magnitude- size but no specific direction
What is a vector quantity
A quantity that has both magnitude (size) and a specific direction
Examples of scalar quantities
4
Speed
Mass
Energy
Area
Examples of vector quantities
5
Displacement Velocity Acceleration Momentum Force
What is velocity
Speed in a stated direction
Formula for distance
D
S T
Equation for acceleration
(V-u)
T
How are Light gates used
A piece of card is attached to car and the light gate is attached to a laptop, the time is measured for how long It takes for Card to pass through light gate. The distance is the Length of the card.
Typical walking speed
1.4m/s
Typical speed for wind
4.2m/s
Average speed of sound
340m/s
Average speed for cycling
15.5km/h
What is the acceleration in free fall
10m/s2
What is Newton’s first law
An object in motion will remain in motion and a stationary object remains stationary unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
What is Newton’s second law
An objects acceleration depends on the strength of the unbalanced force acting on it and the mass of The object
Formula for force
F
M A
What’s Newton’s third law
For every action there is an opposite and opposing reaction.
How is weight measured
Newton’s
Formula for weight
W
M G
Describe relationship between the weight of a body and the gravitational field strength
Weight is a result of gravity. The gravitational field strength of earth is 10 n/kg
(Newton’s per kilogram)
What is an object moving in a circular orbit at a constant speed doing
Changing velocity
For motion in a circle what does there need to be for it to continue this shape
The centripetal force that acts towards the centre of the circle
What is inertial mass
Or known as the ratio of force over acceleration
A measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object (including from rest)
What is conservation of momentum in collisions
The momentum before a collision is the same after
Formula for momentum
P
M V
Name the 3 types of collisions and what they do
Elastic- kinetic energy is conserved
Inelastic- kinetic energy is not conserved
Completely inelastic- kinetic energy is not conserved and the colliding objects stick together after collision
Method of measuring human reaction times
Drop a ruler at any point in time, another person will catch it and you use that distance and the time from stopwatch to calculate speed
What is stopping distance a sum of
Thinking distance and braking distance
How does mass of vehicle effect stopping distance?
Braking distance increases as mass increases
How does speed of vehicle effect stopping distance?
Stopping distance is further for faster speeds
How does the drivers reaction time effect stopping distance?
The more alert the driver is of the road and driving the smaller the stopping distance
If a driver was tired or under the influence or alcohol or drugs the stopping distance will be increased
How does state of the vehicles brakes effect stopping distance?
Bad tyres reduce friction with road which creates a slippery and more dangerous surface
How does state of road effect stopping distance?
Icey and wet roads will increase stopping distance considerably
How does a large deceleration cause dangers
When a object abruptly stops the person inside won’t and will carry on moving forward and can be injured
How to find out displacement
Measure From start point to end point with a direction
