Chapter 2-Methods of Psychology

Question 0

True or False.
The ethical guidelines for conducting research with humans state that it is never appropriate to deceive the participant.

Answer 0

False

Question 1

True or False.
The research method that allows the researcher the greatest amount of control over relevant factors is the case study method.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or False.
Observer bias relates to the potential drawback of observational studies characterized by participants altering their behavior as a result of the researcher’s presence.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

If you are interested in uncovering cause and effect relationships between two variables, you would use the correlational method.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The standard deviation is more sensitive measure of variability than the range.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The results of previous research and the psychologist's observations of behavior are two common sources of which of the following?
A. Operational definitions
B. Serendipity
C. Hypotheses
D. Theories

Answer 5

C. Hypotheses

Question 6

Normally, which scientific method of research is used to learn about people's opinions, attitudes, and values?
A. Survey
B. Experimental
C. Naturalistic observation 
D. Case study

Answer 6

A. Survey

Question 7

Experimental research, as opposed to correlational research, is characterized by which of the following?
A. Measuring more than two variables
B. Correlation between independent and dependent variables
C. How behavior is measured
D. Manipulation and control of variables

Answer 7

D. Manipulation and control of variables

Question 8

What is the most controversial concern of the ethical guidelines for conducting research with humans?
A. Debriefing 
B. Deception
C. Protection of confidentiality 
D. Informed consent

Answer 8

B. Deception

Question 9

Which type of sample would least likely be demographically biased?
A. Representative sample
B. Natural sample
C. Random sample
D. All of the above

Answer 9

A. Representative sample

Question 10

If correctly used, the observational method frequently has which results for the researcher?
A. Calculating the coefficient of correlation
B. Developing hypotheses to be examined more completely through the use of other research methods
C. Interpreting why the observed behaviors occurred
D. There is potential bias by the researcher

Answer 10

B. Developing hypotheses to be examined more completely through the use of other research methods

Question 11

Which of the following is not a limitation of the case study method?
A. Project may last months or even years
B. Lack investigative control over all potentially relevant variables
C. Not all relevant data or information are directly observed by the researcher
D. There is potential bias by the researcher

Answer 11

A. Project may lasts months or even years

Question 12

Which of the following statistics would give you the most useful information?
A. Mean
B. Percentile
C. Standard deviation
D. Median

Answer 12

B. Percentile

Question 13

In the following distribution of scores-1,4,4,5,6,8,8,8,10--what is the median score?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9

Answer 13

A. 6

Question 14

What is the most important question to ask when evaluation a survey study?
A. Was there a control group?
B. Was there bias in selection of subjects?
C. Have there been other surveys that confirm results to the study?
D. Did a reputable professional conduct the survey?

Answer 14

B. Was there bias in selection of subjects?