Chapter 2 - Medical Terminology & Anatomy Review Flashcards
Diagnosis: Calcification left basal ganglia.
Where are the basal ganglia located?
- Neck
- Cerebrum at the base of brain (subcortical)
- Spinal Column
- Occipital Lobe
Cerebrum at the base of brain (subcortical)
Documentation: The posterior vaginal fornix and outer cervical os were prepped with a cleansing solution.
In this statement, what does “os” stand for?
- Ostium (opening)
- Oyster Shell shape
- Left eye
- Outside
Ostium (Opening)
Hysterosalpingogram report:
“Right cornual contour abnormality.”
Where is the cornu (plural cornua) found anatomically for this case?
- A structure resembling a crown.
- The transparent anterior portion of the sclera.
- Where the fallopian tubes connect to the fundus.
- Right part of eye.
Where the fallopian tubes connect to the fundus.
Surgical procedure: Myringotomy
What anatomic location is being operated on?
- Ear
- Ring finger (4th digit)
- Muscle
- Spinal Cord
Ear
Documentation: There was no cleft of the uvula or submucosal palate by visual and palpable exam.
What is being examined?
- Lips
- Vagina
- Oral cavity
- Middle layer of the eyeball
Oral cavity
Documentation:
Recession of left inferior rectus muscle, 5 mm.
What anatomic location is being operated on?
- Abdomen
- Eye
- Rectum
- Muscle of the Quadricep
Eye
Diagnosis: Kyphosis
What anatomic location does this diagnosis most often refer to?
- Stomach
- Vagina
- Kidney
- Thoracic Spine
Thoracic Spine
Documentation: Suprapatellar recess showed no evidence of loose bodies or joint pathology.
What anatomic location does this refer to?
- Knee (above the patella)
- Foot
- Liver
- Tongue
Knee (above the patella)
Colles’ Fracture
What anatomic location does this refer to?
- Colon
- Urethra
- Wrist
- Bone
Wrist
Diagnosis: Vesicoureteral reflux.
What is this a reflux of?
- Muscle
- Gallbladder
- Swollen bladder into the vagina
- Urine backflow from bladder into ureters
Urine backflow from bladder into ureters
Which gland is also known as the hypophysis cerebri?
- Adrenal glands
- Pituitary gland
- Parathyroid glands
- Thymus gland
Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland is also known as the hypophysis cerebri.
Where is gas exchanged and moved from the respiratory system into the circulatory system?
- Veins and arteries
- Lungs and bronchi
- Alveoli and capillaries
- Pharynx and larynx
Alveoli and capillaries
Gases are exchanged across the single cell layer of tissue comprising the alveolar sac into the pulmonary circulation. Capillaries from the pulmonary circulation are also a single cell layer thick. They form a bed around each alveolus; gas is exchanged between the alveoli and the capillaries via the principles of diffusion.
How does the lymphatic system work to ensure lymph fluid travels one way to the heart?
* Travels through blood
* Using a pumping system
* With a system of one-way valves
* Gravity
With a system of one-way valves
The lymphatic system operates without a pump by using a series of valves to ensure the fluid travels in one direction to the heart.
Based on word parts, what is the definition of a glossectomy?
- Creating a hole in the glossy part of the eye.
- Surgical removal of the tongue.
- Surgical repair of the tongue.
- Surgical removal of the tear duct in the eye.
Surgical removal of the tongue.
The root gloss- means tongue. The suffix –ectomy means excision or surgical removal of. A glossectomy is partial or total removal of the tongue and can be performed to remove tongue cancer.
Which layer of the epidermis is normally found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet?
- Stratum Corneum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Papillare
- Stratum Reticulare
Stratum Lucidum
The stratum lucidum is a clear layer normally found only on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
Which layer is the middle layer of the eyeball?
- Iris
- Choroid
- Retina
- Sclera
Choroid
The eyeball has three layers: the retina (innermost), choroid (middle), and sclera (outermost).
A choledochal cyst is a cyst originating from which structure?
- Gallbladder
- Liver
- Common bile duct
- Intestine
Common bile duct
The root choledoch- means common bile duct. A choledochal cyst originates from the common bile duct and usually has symptoms including right upper abdominal pain and jaundice.
What prevents the eyeball from collapsing?
Crystalline lens
Aqueous humor
Optic nerve
Vitreous humor
Vitreous humor
A clear gel-like substance filling the posterior segment of the eye is called the vitreous and prevents the eyeball from collapsing.
Which type of membrane is found lining the interior walls of the digestive system?
- Mucous membrane
- Serous membrane
- Synovial membrane
- Cutaneous membrane
Mucous membrane
Mucous membranes lines the interior walls of the organs and tubes open to the outside of the body, such as those of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems. Mucous membranes are often adapted for absorption and secretion.
What condition causes inflammation of lymphatic vessels as a result of bacterial infection?
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Lymphedema
- Lymphoma
Lymphangitis
Lymphangitis is inflammation of lymphatic vessels as a result of bacterial infection. It appears as painful red streaks under the skin.
What is the Bowman’s capsule?
- A basin collecting urine made by the kidneys
- Cup-like edges of the renal pelvis
- C-shaped structure partially surrounding the glomerulus
- Peritubular capsules surrounding the renal tube
C-shaped structure partially surrounding the glomerulus
Through which vessel is oxygenated blood returned to the heart from the lungs?
- Bronchial artery
- Bronchial vein
- Pulmonary artery
- Pulmonary vein
Pulmonary vein
What are chemicals which relay, amplify and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell?
- Neurotransmitters
- Hormones
- Interneurons
- Myelin
Neurotransmitters
What is affected by myasthenia gravis?
- Neuromuscular junction
- Muscle belly
- Muscle/bone connection
- Bone
Neuromuscular junction
Lacrimal glands are responsible for which of the following?
- Production of tears
- Production of zonules
- Production of vitreous
- Production of mydriatic agents
Production of tears
In order, starting with the innermost layer, what are the four walls of the digestive tract?
- Muscle, submucosa, mucosa, serosa
- Mucosa, submucosa, serosa, muscle
- Mucosa, submucosa, muscle, serosa
- Serosa, mucosa, submucosa, muscle
Mucosa, submucosa, muscle, serosa
What is the function of the Cowper’s glands?
- Produces sperm food
- Delivers spermatozoa to the urethra
- Promotes maturation of the egg
- Helps lubricate the urethra
Helps lubricate the urethra
Which is NOT a function of the skin?
- Acts as a gland by synthesizing vitamin A.
- Excretes water, salt, and small amounts of waste.
- Houses sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
- Plays an important role in regulation of body temperature.
Acts as a gland by synthesizing vitamin A.
Which condition results from an injury to the head? The symptoms include headache, dizziness and vomiting.
- Meningitis
- Parkinson’s disease
- Concussion
- Epilepsy
Concussion
What is a myocardial infarction?
- Overgrowth of muscle tissue, affecting the heart’s ability to pump
- Abnormal heart beats causing pain, nausea and discomfort
- Lack of oxygen to the heart tissue, resulting in tissue death
- Malfunction in one of the valves in the heart, disrupting blood flow
Lack of oxygen to the heart tissue, resulting in tissue death
Muscle is attached to bone by what method?
- Tendons, ligaments, and directly to bone
- Tendons and cartilage
- Tendons, aponeurosis and directly to bone
- Ligaments, aponeurosis, and directly to bone
Tendons, aponeurosis and directly to bone
Upon leaving the stomach, nutrients move through the small intestine in what order?
- Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
- Duodenum, ileum, jejunum
- Jejunum, ileum, duodenum
- Jejunum, duodenum, ileum
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
The mediastinum contains all of the following except:
- Heart
- Trachea
- Lungs
- Thymus
Lungs
Where would a subungual hematoma be located?
- Mouth – under the tongue
- Under the toenail/fingernail
- Scalp
- Bottom of the foot
Under the toenail/fingernail
The operative overlapping of tissue to repair a defect in the diaphragm is called:
- Imbrication
- Immobilization
- Immersion
- Immunodiffusion
Imbrication
The radiology term fluoroscopy is a(n):
- Technique using magnetism, radio waves and a computer to produce images
- X-ray procedure allowing the visualization of internal organs in motion
- Scan using an X-ray beam rotating around the patient
- Use of high-frequency sound waves to image anatomic structures
X-ray procedure allowing the visualization of internal organs in motion
Arthritis is an inflammation of what?
* Muscle
* Nerve
* Joint
* Tendon
Joint
A gonioscopy is an examination of what part of the eye:
- Anterior chamber of the eye
- Interior surface of the eye
- Lacrimal duct
- Posterior segment
Anterior chamber of the eye
The word describing the presence of blood in the pleural cavity is:
- Hemothorax
- Hydrothorax
- Hemoptysis
- Pleural effusion
Hemothorax
The root word for MOUTH is:
- Gloss/o
- Bucc/o
- Stomat/o
- Dent/o
Stomat/o
Cytopathology is the study of:
- Tissue
- Cells
- Blood
- Organs
Cells
A surgeon performs an escharotomy. This procedure is best described as:
- Incision into a burn in order to lessen its pull on the surrounding tissue
- Removal of a basal cell carcinoma
- Debridement of a pressure ulcer
- Removal of a fingernail
Incision into a burn in order to lessen its pull on the surrounding tissue.
A form of milk produced the first few days after giving birth is:
- Chorion
- Lactose
- Colostrum
- Prolactin
Colostrum
The meaning of the root blephar/o is:
- Choroid
- Sclera
- Eyelid
- Uvea
Eyelid
A deficiency of cells in the blood is defined as:
- Erythremia
- Phagocytosis
- Cytopenia
- Bacteremia
Cytopenia
