Chapter 2 - Measurements and Indictors of Health Status of Australia's Youth Flashcards
burden of disease
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY. (VCAA)
chronic condition
any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than six months). It usually can’t be cured and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management. Examples include arthritis and asthma.
core activities
relate to three main areas of life: self-care, mobility and communication
core activity limitation
when an individual has difficulty, or requires assistance, with any of the three core activities
dermatitis
refers to a range of conditions characterised by irritation and/or inflammation of the skin. It usually involves itchy, dry skin or a rash on swollen, reddened skin.
disability adjusted life years (DALY)
a measure of burden of disease. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or death. DALY are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature death and the years lived with disability for people living with the health condition or its consequences. (AIHW, 2018)
endometriosis
a condition that affects around 1 in 10 females. It occurs when cells that usually grow in the uterus grow around the ovaries or behind the uterus, and can lead to significant levels of pain.
health indicators
standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status (for example, life expectancy, mortality rates, morbidity rates)
health status
an individual’s or population’s overall level of health and wellbeing, taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy, mortality and morbidity
hospital separations
episodes of hospital care that start with admission and end at transfer, discharge or death
incidence
refers to the number (or rate) of new cases of a disease/condition in a population during a given period (usually 12 months)
Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)
a scale of psychological distress based on the answers to ten questions about negative emotional and mental states in the four weeks prior to the interview. This system classifies psychological distress as low, moderate, high and very high.
life expectancy
the number of years of life, on average, remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth. (AIHW, 2018)
morbidity
ill health in an individual and levels of ill health within a population (often expressed through incidence, prevalence) (AIHW, 2018)
mortality
the number of deaths in a population in a given period (AIHW, 2018)
periodontitis
inflammation and/or infection of the gums that can cause them to pull away from the teeth and result in tooth loss
polycystic ovary syndrome
a complex hormonal condition that affects around 1 in 10 females. It is characterised by irregular or no periods, excessive hair on the body or face, skin conditions, hair loss and/or stress, anxiety and depression.
prevalence
the number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time
psychological distress
relates to unpleasant feelings and emotions that affect an individual’s level of functioning
years lived with disability (YLD)
a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to living with disease, injury or disability
years of life lost (YLL)
a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
