Chapter 2, Lesson 1 & Lesson 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Someone chosen by God to bring people a message
A
Prophet
2
Q
Holy book of Islam
A
Quran
3
Q
Followers of the Islamic religion
A
Muslim
4
Q
Surrounded by water on 3 sides
A
Peninsula
5
Q
A large flat area of land that is higher than other areas of land that surround it
A
Plateau
6
Q
An area in the desert where there are water and plants
A
Oasis
7
Q
A group of people traveling together across a desert
A
Caravan
8
Q
A journey taken for a religious purpose
A
Pilgrimage
9
Q
A person who becomes the leader after the previous leader’s death
A
Successor
10
Q
Islam place of worship
A
Mosque
11
Q
Precise shapes
A
Geometric
12
Q
While people in Europe were struggling with the fall of the Roman Empire, a new religion, __________, emerged on the Arabian peninsula.
A
Islam
13
Q
Islam was led by _______________.
A
Muhammad Abdullah
14
Q
His followers believe that he was a __________from God.
A
Prophet
15
Q
Followers of Islam are called __________.
A
Muslims
16
Q
Their holy book is called the ________.
A
Quran
17
Q
Islam is a ___________religion.
A
Monotheistic
18
Q
Islam teaches the complete surrender to ________ (the Arabic word for God).
A
Allah
19
Q
Islam began in the city of ________.
A
Mecca
20
Q
The Arabian peninsula is southwest _______. It is surrounded by water on 3 sides. It is the __________peninsula in the world.
A
Asia; largest
21
Q
Most of the land on the Arabian peninsula is a large _________, covered by sandy deserts and dry plains with very little _______.
A
Plateau; rain
22
Q
Enormous gusts of winds can create _________ conditions.
A
Dangerous
23
Q
No major ________ or ________.
A
lakes; rivers
24
Q
Rare watering holes are hidden among the desert sands. These places are called an ______________.
A
Oasis
25
An oasis provides ___________ and __________ for weary travelers crossing the hot sands.
shade; water
26
Many people travel in ________.
Caravans
27
Arabia became a center of trade and culture. It connects _____________ and ___________ and is close to ________________.
Asia; Africa; Europe
28
___________ routes developed throughout the entire peninsula.
Trade
29
The city of ____________ grew to a large city due to trade.
Mecca
30
The ________ road was a major trading route that stretched from _____________ to ________________.
silk; Europe; China
31
The silk road passes through ______________.
Arabia
32
Give examples of items (5) that were traded.
Tree sap, animals, gold, spices, ivory
33
These trade routes helped to spread the _____________ religion.
Islam
34
Muhammed lived from ______ to _______. He was born in ___________.
570; 632; Mecca
35
Muhammed was a ___________ who managed trade routes through the Arabian Peninsula.
Merchant
36
Muhammed became discouraged by the ____________he saw on these routes.
greed
37
When he was 40 years old, he spent time away from others in a ____________, seeking spiritual understanding. During this time he said the angel Gabriel told him he was god's messenger, or __________________.
cave; prophet
38
Muhammed started to spread Islam throughout ____________. Many people disagreed with his ____________.
Mecca; teachings
39
Muhammed and his followers fled ____________ out of fear for their safety. They settled in the city of ______________.
Mecca; Medina
40
Muhammed still had conflict with other ______ clans, ________________, and _____________ people.
Arab; Christians; Jewish
41
Some people in Medina converted to ____________but many continued following their own religion.
Islam
42
Muhammed conquered most of the _____________ residents and drove them out of the city.
Jewish
43
Muhammed returned to __________ and took it over.
Mecca
44
Muhammed made _________an important site for _______________ to worship.
Mecca; Muslims
45
Muhammed's army helped spread __________ across the Arabian Peninsula.
Islam
46
Islam is the _____________largest religion today, behind _____________.
second; Christianity
47
Some of Muhammed's teachings were similar to Judaism and Christianity.
-Belief in __________ God
-taught about _________, ________, and __________
one; Abraham; Moses; Jesus
48
Muslims do not believe Jesus was the ________ of God.
Son
49
Muhammed's ideas upset __________ who believed in polytheism.
Arabs
50
Muhammed said people should give money to the ____________.
poor
51
Five Pillars of Islam (essay question):
1. Statement of faith: ______________
2. Daily prayer: __________
3. Donation to charity: __________
4. Fasting: ________________
5. Hajj: ___________________
1. Must profess a statement
2. Pray 5 times a day
3. Give to religious officials
4. During Ramadan (Muslim Holiday), Muslims fast between dawn and sunset.
5. Must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lives.
52
Muslim merchants became successful due to the development of ___________. They would keep detailed records of transactions and allowed people to start using _______ to buy items.
Banking; checks
53
Spread Arabic ________ and ____________ to parts of Africa, Europe, and Mesopotamia.
culture and language
54
Built cities with _________, public_________, and giant _________.
mosques; baths; libraries
55
Muslim scholars developed ______________ concepts, such as algebra and calculus.
mathematical
56
Made many medical achievements such as beginning _____________.
surgeries
57
Islam rejects idols or statues that represent ________________ and _____________. Therefore, they began making ____________ art
humans; animals; geometric
58
Lesson 2.
Not Religious
Secular
59
Part of the nobility, similar to a Lord or Noble
Baron
60
Using power over people in a away that is cruel and unfair
Tyrannical
61
The principle that no one is above the law, not even the highest law makers.
Rule of Law
62
The __________ were a series of wars fought between Christians (Crusaders) and Muslims over the ___________ ________.
Crusades; Holy Land
63
Europeans called _______________ & ______________ Holy Land because it was where Jesus lived, preached, and died.
Palestine; Jerusalem
64
This land was under _________ control around the 10th Century.
Muslim
65
_________ generally tolerated __________, but they did not want Christians conquering this land.
Muslims; Christians
66
Christians were able to travel to the __________ to pray and visit sacred Christian sites, but over time, ________ made it very hard and dangerous for Christians to travel back to the land.
Holy Land; Muslims
67
Pope _________ declared a series of wars called the Crusades that began in the year _______
Urban II; 1096
68
The goal of the _____________ was for Christians to take back the _____________.
Crusades; Holy Land
69
There were _____ total Crusades and fighting lasted over _____ years.
8; 200
70
Who won the Crusades?
Muslims
71
___________had to travel long distances to reach the war; many died along the way.
Crusaders
72
Crusaders were not prepared to fight in ________________ deserts.
Palestine's
73
Crusaders were outnumbered by ____________.
Muslims
74
__________ expanded with the Islamic world.
Trade
75
Islamic achievements in math and science were introduced to __________.
Europe
76
________________ improved in Europe.
Transportation
77
The constant demand for supplies during the wars led to more _________ building and ______________.
ship; manufacturing
78
King __________ of ___________ ruled during 1199-1216; he was considered a _____________ king.
John; England; Tyrannical
79
England was attacked by _____________and King John was unable to defend his kingdom, which led to land being _______.
France; lost
80
He asked his Barons to pay higher ____________ to fund his wars.
taxes
81
If the Barons would not pay, he would hold their relatives as ______________ until the taxes were paid.
prisoners
82
King John also demanded taxes from wealthy __________.
Merchants
83
Barons and Merchants became angry with ________________ and demanded change.
King John
84
In 1215, his Barons prepared a list of demands known as the ________ _________.
Magna Carta
85
The Magna Carta laid out _________ for what the King could and could not do.
rules
86
The Barons said they would go to ______ if King John did not accept their terms.
war
87
King John realized he was outnumbered by the _______ and ________ their terms.
Barons; accepted
88
Over 11 years, the _____ _____ was revised and the final version was approved in ________ by his son, _______________.
Magna Carta; 1225; Henry IIII
89
The Magna Carta is an important document in the history of the ______ of ______ (no one is above the law).
Rule; Law
90
Magna Carta also ensured a fair trial with ______________.
juries
91
A few ideas in the United States ____________ can be traced to the Magna Carta.
Constitution
92
The middle ages saw a huge spread of __________.
Islam
93
Expanding ________ routes made the spread of new ________ and ______ possible.
trade; goods; ideas
94
New forms of _____ and __________ were introduced.
art and architecture
95
Even though Europe had many wars in the Middle Ages, many _________ and _________ structures were made
political; economic
