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Clinical Chemistry > Chapter 2-Laboratory Safety and Regulations > Flashcards

Chapter 2-Laboratory Safety and Regulations Flashcards

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1
Q

Examples of potential hazards.

A 
Electric shock
Toxic vapors
Compressed gases
Flammable liquids
Radioactive material 
Corrosive substances
Mechanical trauma
Poisons
Inherent risks of handling biologic materials
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2
Q

Safety is achieved through:___

A 
▪️application of common sense 
▪️safety-focused attitude 
▪️good personal behavior 
▪️good housekeeping 
▪️continual practice of good laboratory technique
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2
Q

2 Primary cause of accidents

A

Unsafe acts and Unsafe environmental conditions

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3
Q

Goal of OSHA

A

To provide all employees with a safe work environment

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4
Q

It necessitates the effective control of all hazards that exist in the clinical laboratory at any given time.

A

Laboratory safety

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5
Q

Public Law ________, better known as the OSHA

A

91-596

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6
Q

What is the meaning of OSHA in the previous question?

A

Occupational safety and health act

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8
Q

Who is authorized to conduct on-site inspections to determine whether an employer is complying with the mandatory standards?

A

Occupational safety and health administration

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9
Q

True or False:

Safety is not only a moral obligation but also a federal law.

A

True😬

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10
Q

OSHA standards include:

A 
▪️Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 
▪️Formaldehyde Standard 
▪️Hazard Communication Standard 
▪️Respiratory Protection Standard 
▪️Air Contaminants Standard 
▪️Personal Protective Equipment Standard
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11
Q

This standard applies to all exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials in any occupational setting.

A

Bloodborne Pathogen

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12
Q

Bloodborne pathogen standard mandates the development of an ______.

A

Exposure control plan

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13
Q

The exposure control plan must cover specific preventive measures including:__

A

▪️exposure evaluation
▪️engineering controls
▪️work practice controls
▪️administrative oversight

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14
Q

What is the universal precaution?

A

All human blood, tissue, and most fluids are handled as if known to be infectious for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens.

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15
Q

Also referred to as the OSHA “HazCom” standard

A

Hazard Communication

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16
Q

HazCom Standard defines _________ and provides __________ and communicating ___________.

A

Hazardous substances; guidance for evaluating; identified hazards.

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17
Q

Primary means of communication

A

Proper labeling
Development and use of safety data sheets
Employee education

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18
Q

Subpart to OSHA’s Toxic and Hazardous Substances regulations and also known as tye “OSHA Lab Standard

A

Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in Laboratories

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19
Q

The Lab standard requires the appointment of a _______ and the development of a __________ to _______ or ________ occupational exposure to ________ chemicals.

A

Chemical hygiene officer; chemical hygiene plan; reduce; eliminate; hazardous

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20
Q

Other federal regulations relating to laboratory safety.

A

Clean water Act, Resource conservation and Recovery Act, Toxic Substances Control Act

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21
Q

Voluntary accrediting bodies

A

The Joint Commission(TJC) and the Commission on Laboratory Accreditation of the College of American Pathologists(CAP)

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22
Q

NFPA

A

National Fire Protection Association

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23
Q

Blue quadrant

A

Health hazard

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24
Q

Red quadrant

A

Flammable hazards

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25
Q

Yellow quadrant

A

Reactivity/stability hazards

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26
Q

White quadrant

A

Corrosive

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27
Q

GHS

A

Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of hazardous chemicals

28
Q

Safetyshowers deliver ________ at ________

A

30 to 50 gallons of water per minute; 20 to 50 pounds per square inch

29
Q

Eyewash stations must be within _____

A

100 feet or 10s travel

30
Q

These are required to contain and expel noxious and hazardous fumes from chemical reagents.

A

Fume hoods

31
Q

True or False:

The hood should be operated with the sash fully opened.

A

False

32
Q

The velocity at the face of the hood should be____

A

100-120 feet per minute

33
Q

remove particles that may be harmful to the employee working with infectious biologic specimens

A

Biological safety cabinets (BSC)

34
Q

This is used to transport glass bottles of acid, alkalis, and organic solvents in volumes larger than 500 ml.

A

Safety carriers

35
Q

This is used for storing, dispensing and disposing of flammables in volunes greater than 1 quart.

A

Safety cans

36
Q

For storage of flammable liquids

A

Steel safety cabinets

37
Q

For storingg flammable materials

A

Explosion-proof refrigerators

38
Q

Gloves that offer a wider range of compatibility with organic solvents

A

Nitrile gloves

39
Q

A respirator that must be worn when engineering controls are not feasible

A

Respirators with high-efficiency particulate air(HEPA) filters

40
Q

A crucial component of both infection control and chemical hygiene

A

Hand washing

41
Q

IATA

A

International air transport association

42
Q

Two types of specimen classifications

A

Infectious substances and diagnostic specimens

43
Q

Manual published by IATA

A

Dangerous Goods Regulations

44
Q

New Hazard Communication standard is also called ____

A

Right to Know Law

45
Q

Major source of safety information for employees who use hazardous materials

A

Safety Data Sheet(SDS)

46
Q

Poses a physical or health hazard from acute or chronic exposure

A

Hazardous chemicals

47
Q

Substances that affect cellular development in a fetus or embryo.

A

Teratogens

48
Q

Can cause acute or chronic effects related to the duration of exposure

A

Toxic substances

49
Q

Exposure to toxic agents can be through____

A

▪️direct contact
▪️inhalation
▪️ingestion
▪️inoculation/injection

50
Q

Temperature at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air.

A

Flash point

51
Q

Flash point of flammable liquid

A

Below 37.8C (100F)

52
Q

Flash point of combustible liquids

A

At or above 37.8C

53
Q

Substances that can spontaneously explode or ignite or that evolve heat or flammable or explosive gases

A

Reactive chemicals

54
Q

Chemicals that are injurious to the skin or eyes by direct contact

A

Corrosive chemicals

55
Q

Cancer-causing agents

A

Carcinogens

56
Q

True or False:

Records of occupational injuries must be maintained for the length of employment plus 20 years

A

False

57
Q

A chemical reaction that involves the rapid oxidation of a combustible material or fuel, with the subsequent liberation of heat and light

A

Fire

58
Q

Elements essential for fire to begin

A

▪️fuel
▪️heat or ignition source
▪️oxygen(air)

59
Q

Types of extinguisher for Class A fires

A

Pressurized water extinguisher and

Foam and multipurpose dry-chemical extinguishers

60
Q

Trained firefighters extinguish what class of fire

A

Class D fire

61
Q

What type of extinguisher is recommended for use with computer equipments

A

Halogenated hydrocarbon extinguishers

62
Q

Type of extinguishers for Class B and C fires

A

Multipurpose dry-chemical extinguisher

Carbon dioxide extinguisher

63
Q

Most widely used cryogenic fluids

A

Liquid Nitrogen

64
Q

Examples of repetitive strain disorders

A

▪️tenosynovitis
▪️bursitis
▪️ganglion cysts

65
Q

Primary contributing factors associated with repetitive strain disorders

A

▪️position/posture
▪️applied force
▪️frequency of repetition

66
Q

Four basic waste disposal technique

A

▪️flushing down the drain to the sewer system
▪️incineration
▪️landfill burial
▪️recycling

67
Q

Special waste from health care facilities

A

Medical waste

Clinical Chemistry (2 decks)

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