Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CNA > Chapter 2 Key Terms Notecards > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Key Terms Notecards Flashcards

1
Q

communication

A

the process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

verbal communication

A

communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nonverbal communication

A

communication that does not use words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

objective information

A

information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

subjective information

A

information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

incontinence

A

the inability to control the bladder or bowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

clichés

A

phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

defense mechanisms

A

unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

culture

A

a system of learned beliefs and behaviors that is practiced by a group of people and is often passed on from one generation to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

impairment

A

a loss of function or ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mental health

A

the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mental health disorder

A

a disorder that affects a person’s ability to function and often causes inappropriate behavior; confusion, disorientation, agitation, and anxiety are common symptoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

combative

A

violent or hostile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

body mechanics

A

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

posture

A

the way a person holds and positions his body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fracture

A

a broken bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

disorientation

A

confusion about person, place, or time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

scalds

A

burns caused by hot liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abrasion

A

an injury that rubs off the surface of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

A

a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

conscious

A

the state of being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

first aid

A

emergency care given immediately to an injured person by the first people to respond in an emergency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

medical procedures used when a person’s heart or lungs have stopped working.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

obstructed airway

A

a condition in which something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

abdominal thrusts

A

method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

cyanotic

A

blue or gray, in reference to skin color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

shock

A

a condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Myocardial infarction (MI)

A

a condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood flow to the heart is blocked; also called heart attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

syncope

A

loss of consciousness; also called fainting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

insulin reaction

A

complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

a complication of diabetes that is caused by having too little insulin in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

a condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

a warning sign of a CVA/stroke resulting from a temporary lack of oxygen in the brain; symptoms may last up to 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of the body

35
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness on one side of the body

36
Q

expressive aphasia

A

trouble communicating thoughts through speech or writing

37
Q

receptive aphasia

A

difficulty understanding spoken or written words

38
Q

emesis

A

the act of vomiting, or ejecting stomach contents through the mouth and/or nose

39
Q

infection prevention

A

the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease

40
Q

microorganism (MO)

A

a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope

41
Q

infection

A

the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying

42
Q

pathogens

A

microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease

43
Q

localized infection

A

an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms

44
Q

systemic infection

A

an infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms

45
Q

healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

A

an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care

46
Q

chain of infection

A

way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human being to another

47
Q

causative agent

A

a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease

48
Q

reservoir

A

a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies

49
Q

portal of exit

A

any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave

50
Q

mode of transmission

A

the method of describing how a pathogen travels

51
Q

direct contact

A

a way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his or her secretions

52
Q

indirect contact

A

a way of transmitting pathogens by touching an object contaminated by the infected person

53
Q

portal of entry

A

any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter

54
Q

mucous membranes

A

the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals

55
Q

susceptible host

A

an uninfected person who could get sick

56
Q

transmission

A

passage or transfer

57
Q

infectious

A

contagious

58
Q

medical asepsis

A

measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens

59
Q

surgical asepsis

A

the state of being completely free of all microorganisms; also called sterile technique

60
Q

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

A

a federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect the health of individuals and communities

61
Q

Standard Precautions

A

a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease

62
Q

sputum

A

thick mucus coughed up from the lungs

63
Q

sharps

A

needles or other sharp objects

64
Q

hand hygiene

A

washing hands with soap and water and using alcohol-based hand rubs

65
Q

personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards

66
Q

don

A

to put on

67
Q

doff

A

to remove

68
Q

perineal care

A

care of the genital and anal area

69
Q

nonintact skin

A

skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils

70
Q

clean

A

in health care, a condition in which objects have not been contaminated with pathogens

71
Q

dirty

A

in health care, a condition in which objects have been contaminated with pathogens

72
Q

sterilization

A

a cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens

73
Q

disinfection

A

process that destroys most, but not all pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is considered not infectious

74
Q

disposable

A

only to be used once and then discarded

75
Q

Transmission-Based Precautions

A

method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or may be infected with a disease

76
Q

bloodborne pathogens

A

microorganisms found in human blood, body fluid, draining wounds, and mucous membranes that can cause infection and disease in humans

77
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma

78
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

a highly contagious lung disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air; usually affects the lungs and causes coughing, trouble breathing, weight loss, and fatigue

79
Q

COVID-19 (coronavirus disease)

A

a droplet and airborne disease transmitted through droplets and particles produced by an infected person; often characterized by respiratory symptoms and capable of progressing to severe symptoms, even death, especially in people who are older, have underlying health conditions, or are unvaccinated

80
Q

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

A

bacteria

81
Q

(Staphylococcus aureus)

A

that have developed resistance to many antibiotics

82
Q

VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus)

A

bacteria (enterococci) that have developed resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin

83
Q

Clostridioides difficile (C. diff, C. difficile)

A

a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (colitis)

CNA (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions