Chapter 2 - Key Project Management Terms Flashcards
Project
A temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result
Output - Unique to the customer and will be around for a long time
Operations
Ongoing day to day work of a business.
No start/end date and not unique. Not part of a project.
Project Management
Application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to meet requirements
Limited by time, cost, scope
Predictive, Agile, Hybrid Projects
Predictive - traditional waterfall, plan driven. Planning done upfront then execute work.
Agile - adaptive, change driven. Product is build in small increments and changes are supported.
Hybrid - Combines predictive and agile
Process
Inputs Tools and Techniques create specific output (ITTO)
Phase
Division within project where extra control is needed to manage the completion of one or more deliverables. Each phase has all 5 process groups. Outputs from one phase becomes inputs for another. Decide if acceptable conditions to continue or terminate.
Process Groups
Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, Closing
Knowledge Areas
Integration, Scope, Schedule, Cost, Quality, Resources, Communications, Risk Procurement, Stakeholders
Development Life Cycle (2x)
Predictive Life Cycle - Scope, Time and Cost known early.
Iterative, Incremental, Adaptive Life Cycle - scope is known early but time and cost is refined throughout the project.
Projects, Programs, Portfolios
Program - Collection of projects containing common goal and managed by program manager.
Portfolio - Collection of projects and programs that are implemented to achieve strategic business goal.
Baseline
Scope, Time, Cost
Original plan plus approved changes. Used to measure performance of project. What you hope will happen
Project Management Office (PMO)
Very involved in project initiation, Identifies and develops methodology, best practices, procedures, standards but NOT the organizational methodology, admin practices, policies, procedures
Supportive - Low Authority. Provide PM templates and trainings.
Controlling - Moderate Authority. Provide framework to follow templates.
Directive - High Authority. PM reports to PMO.
Project Stakeholders
Project Manager - Responsible for the Project Outcome (agile referred to as scrum master/coach).
Project Coordinator - Cannot make budget decisions but can assign resources. Some decision making power.
Project Expeditor - PM is part time. Help organize project work and have no power or responsibility to follow a budget.
Product Owner - Agile project. Prioritize the backlog.
Organizational Structures (6x)
Organic/Simple - Small business and start ups where role of PM doesn’t exist or is PT.
Virtual - PM is done virtually using computer technology. Authority is low to moderate.
Functional Organization - PM has little power over resources. Controlled by functional managers of departments.
Project Oriented - PM controls all resources. Hired for project, no functional managers.
Matrix - Middle ground. Personnel and resources are not permanently assigned to project but are controlled by functional manager.
Hybrid - Use more than one of the structures
Matrix (Organizational Structure)
Weak - PM has little power. Part time position. Negotiate with functional manager for resources.
Balanced - PM and Functional manager have equal power (low to moderate). Full time position. Highest likelihood of conflicts.
Strong - PM has most power over resources. Full time position. Moderate to high power.
