Chapter 2 - Job Analysis Flashcards
How is job analysis used for all HR functions?
- wage setting
- recruitment
- training
- performance management
- job redesign
Define job analysis
Systematic study of a job to discover its specifications and skill requirements
Define job (in the context of the course).
GROUP of related ACTIVITIES and DUTIES may be held by one or several employees
Define position (in the context of the course).
collection of TASKS and RESPONSIBILITIES performed by an individual
What are the 10 HRM activities that rely on job analysis?
- careful study of jobs to improve employee productivity levels
- elimination of unnecessary job requirements that can cause discrimination in employment
- creation of job ads to generate a pool of qualified applicants
- matching job applicants to job requirements
- planning of future HR requirements
- determination of employee onboarding and training needs
- fair and equitable compensation of employees
- identification of realistic and challenging performance standards
- redesign of jobs to improve performance, morale, and quality of work life
- fair and accurate appraisal of employee performance
What are the 3 phases of job analysis?
- PREPARATION for job analysis
- COLLECTION of job analysis info
- USE of job analysis info
How many steps are in phase 1 of job analysis?
3 steps
what are the steps in phase 1 of job analysis?
Step 1: become familiar with the organization and its jobs
Step 2: determine uses of job analysis info
Step 3: identify jobs to be analyzed
What are the steps in phase 2 of job analysis?
Step 4: determine sources of job data
Step 5: identify data required
Step 6: choose method of data collection
What are the 2 types of sources for job data?
Human and nonhuman
What are examples of human sources?
- job incumbents
- supervisors
- job experts
- work colleagues
- subordinates
- customers
What are examples of nonhuman sources?
- existing job descriptions and specifications
- equipment design blueprints
- equipment maintenance manuals and records
- training and safety manuals
- organization charts and other company records
- national occupational classification (NOC)
- videos supplied by appliance/machine manufacturers
- professional journals/publications
- internet sources
What are the 6 kinds of data may be identified in step 5 (phase 2)?
- job identification
- duties
- responsibilities
- human characteristics
- working conditions
- performance standards
What data falls under job identification?
- job analysis date
- job title
- department
- reports to
- NOC code
- job analysis process
- verification signature
What data falls under duties?
- job summary
- list of duties and the proportion of time each involves
- what constitutes a successful performance of each one of these duties
What data falls under responsibilities?
- decision-making authority
- supervisory responsibility
- equipment operation
- safety
- travel
What data falls under human characteristics?
- physical attributes or skills necessary to perform the job and how important they are (talking, walking, lifting, reading, writing, money skill, height, arithmetic, etc)
- education or training requirements
- outline the experience required for the job
- describe equipment used
What data falls under working conditions?
- environmental conditions and physical surroundings (weather, extreme hot or cold, wet/humid, noise, vibration, atmosphere, confined work environment)
- describe safety and health features (hazard exposure, safety training and equipment requirements)
What data falls under performance standards?
- describe how performance in the job is measured
- describe identifiable factors that contribute to successful performance on the job
What are the main methods of data collection?
- interviews
- focus groups
- questionnaires
- employee logs
- observation
- combinations
What are the 4 standardized questionnaires in the text?
- occupational info network (O*NET)
- position analysis questionnaire (PAQ)
- functional job analysis questionnaire (FJA)
- critical incident method (CIM)
Explain O*NET.
generic questionnaires for specific domains
Explain PAQ.
designed to apply to all types of jobs, but shown to be more useful for lower level jobs
Explain FJA.
aimed to classify jobs based on types and amount of responsibility for people, data, and things.
identifies performance standards and training requirements
Explain CIM.
behaviourally focused description of work and related performance standards (differentiate between excellent and poor performance)