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Fiber Optics 1-2-3 > Chapter 2 - Introduction > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Decibels (dB)

A

A ratio of the percentage of signal attenuation.

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2
Q

What is a relative measurement?

A

Decibels (dB)

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4
Q

___________, ___, and __________ are expressed as “dB”.

A

Attenuation, gain, and reflection

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5
Q

What is used to define fiber and cable attenuation at specific wavelengths?

A

“dB/km”

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6
Q

0 dBm = ___ mW

A

1.0

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7
Q

___ dBm = 2 mW

A

+3

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8
Q

___ dBm = 0.5 mW

A

-3

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9
Q

What is an absolute, objective measurement?

A

dBm

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10
Q

Power is expressed as?

A

dBm

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11
Q

dBm (input) - dBm (output) = _____

A

dB or Decibels

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12
Q

Kilometers (km) X ______ = Miles

A

0.62

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13
Q

Miles X _____ = Kilometers (km)

A

1.61

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14
Q

1,000,000,000 Quantity = _____ Power

A

10^(9)

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15
Q

What is the prefix for 1,000,000,000?

A

GIGA

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16
Q

What is the symbol for GIGA?

A

G

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17
Q

0.1 = ______ Power

A

10^(-1)

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18
Q

What is the prefix for 0.1?

A

DECI

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19
Q

What is the symbol for DECI?

A

d

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20
Q

0.000001 = _____ Power

A

10^(-6)

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21
Q

What is the prefix for 0.000001?

A

MICRO

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22
Q

What is the symbol for MICRO?

A

u

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23
Q

0.000000001 = _____ Power

A

10^(-9)

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24
Q

What is the prefix for 0.000000001?

A

NANO

25
Q

What is the symbol for NANO?

A

n

26
Q

What is a mode?

A

A discrete light path within the core of the Fiber between the transmitter and the receiver.

27
Q

The number of _______ in a fiber will increase as the wavelength decreases.

A

modes

28
Q

__________ fibers have a single light path at a single wavelength

A

Single-mode

29
Q

__________ fibers have multiple light paths.

A

Multimode

30
Q

What is attenuation?

A

The loss of light or signal power. It is expressed as dB. dB/km is loss referenced to a kilometer length of optical fiber.

31
Q

What is the abbreviation for dBmW, a decibel (dB) relative to one milliwatt (mW) of power?

A

dBm

32
Q

What is displayed on the vertical scale?

A

Attenuation

33
Q

Dispersion

A

The general name for any of a group of phenomena that cause the pulse of an optical signal to be spread out in time, so that it becomes increasingly difficult to tell one pulse from another.

34
Q

What is it when the horizontal scale distorts the pulse or signal, limiting system bandwidth?

A

Dispersion

35
Q

What types of dispersion is single-mode systems limited by?

A

chromatic and polarization mode dispersion

36
Q

What type of dispersion limits bandwidth in multimode systems?

A

Modal dispersion

37
Q

What is reflection?

A

Affects the operation of lasers used in transmitters, thereby affecting signal quality.

38
Q

Causes of __________ are connectors, mechanical splices, open fiber ends, and lensed components.

A

Reflection

39
Q

When a light beam changes direction at an interface between two dissimilar media and returns into the medium from which it originated.

A

Reflection

40
Q

What is coating?

A

Protects against abrasion and assures high strength.

41
Q

What is cladding?

A

Glass or plastic, with a lower index of refraction. Keeps the optical signal with the core.

42
Q

What is core?

A

The glass or plastic in which light propagates through the fiber. Has a higher index of refraction than the cladding.

43
Q

What is MFD?

A

Mode Field Diameter

44
Q

The diameter of the spot of light transmitted through a single-mode fiber.

A

Mode Field Diameter

45
Q

OM2/3/4/5 is what type of multimode?

A

50/125 Multimode (50 core/125 cladding)

46
Q

OM1 is what type of multimode?

A

62.5/125 - 62.5 core/125 cladding

47
Q

G.652 & G655 is what type of fiber?

A

Single mode (8-10 core/125 cladding)

48
Q

When was the first North American commercial fiber optic system installed?

A

1975

49
Q

What is a mode in an optical fiber?

A

Discrete light path within the core of the fiber between the transmitter and the receiver.

50
Q

What are the 3 C’s of an optical fiber?

A

Coating, Cladding, & Core

51
Q

What are the three critical factors to be considered when working with a fiber optic network?

A

Attenuation, Dispersion, & Reflection

52
Q

What does the acronym ITU represent?

A

International Telecommunication Union

53
Q

What are the three components of an optical transmission system?

A

Transmitter, Receiver, & Physical plant

54
Q

What are the two most commonly used sizes of multimode cores?

A

50 & 62.5

55
Q

What unit of measurement is used to measure and express wavelengths?

A

Nanometer (nm)

56
Q

What unit of measurement is used to denote the size of a fiber’s core, cladding, and coatings?

A

Micron (um)

57
Q

What is the outside diameters of single-mode and multimode claddings?

A

125

Fiber Optics 1-2-3 (10 decks)

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