Chapter 2 Input, Processing, and Output

Question 1

A ___ error does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to produce incorrect results.

a. syntax
b. hardware
c. logic
d. fatal

Answer 1

logic

Chapter 2 (page 32)

A logic error is a mistake that does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to produce incorrect results. (Mathematical mistakes are common causes of logic errors.)

Question 2

A ___ is a single function that the program must perform in order to satisfy the customer.

a. task
b. software requirement
c. prerequisite
d. predicate

Answer 2

software requirement

Chapter 2 (page 33)

A software requirement is simply a single task that the programmer must perform in order to satisfy the customer. Once the customer agrees that the list of requirements is complete, the programmer can move to the next phase.

Question 3

A(n) ___ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.

a. logarithm
b. plan of action
c. logic schedule
d. algorithm

Answer 3

algorithm

Chapter 2 (page 33)

An algorithm is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task. Steps in algorithm are sequentially ordered, step 1 should be performed before step 2, and so on.

Question 4

An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed is called ___.

a. faux code
b. pseudocode
c. Python
d. a flowchart

Answer 4

pseudocode

Chapter 2 (page 34)

Word “pseudo” means fake, so pseudocode is fake code. It is an informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed. Programmers use pseudocode to create models, or “mock-ups” of programs.

Question 5

A ___ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.

a. flowchart
b. step chart
c. code graph
d. program graph

Answer 5

flowchart

Chapter 2 (page 34)

A flowchart is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.

Question 6

A ___ is a sequence of characters.

a. char sequence
b. character collection
c. string
d. text block

Answer 6

string

Chapter 2 (page 37)

In programming terms, a sequence of characters that is used as data is called string. When a string appears in the actual code of a program, it is called a string literal. In Python code, string literals must be enclosed in quote marks.

Question 7

A ___ is a name that references a value in the computer’s memory.

A. variable

b. register
c. RAM slot
d. byte

Answer 7

variable

Chapter 2 (page 40)

A variable is a name that represents a value in the computer’s memory. For example, a program that calculates the sales tax on a purchase might use the variable name ‘tax’ to represent that value in memory.
When a variable represents a value in the computer’s memory, we say that the variable ‘references’ the value.

Question 8

A ___ is any hypothetical person using a program and providing input for it.

a. designer
b. user
c. guinea pig
d. test subject

Answer 8

Chapter 2 (page )

Question 9

A string literal in Python must be enclosed in ___.

a. parentheses
b. single-quotes
c. double-quotes
d. either single-quotes or double-quotes

Answer 9

either single quotes or double quotes

Chapter 2 (page 37)

In Python, you can enclose string literals in a set of single-quote marks ( ‘ ) or a set of double-quote marks ( “ )

Question 10

Short notes placed in different parts of a program explaining how those parts of the program work are called ___.

a. comments
b. reference manuals
c. tutorials
d. external documentation

Answer 10

comments

Chapter 2 (page 39)

Comments are short notes placed in different parts of a program, explaining how those parts of the program work. Although comments are a critical part of a program, they are ignored by the Python interpreter. Comments are intended for any person reading a program’s code, not the computer.

Question 11

A(n) ___ makes a variable reference a value in the computer’s memory.

a. variable declaration
b. assignment statement
c. math expression
d. string literal

Answer 11

assignment statement

Chapter 2 (page 40)

You use an assignment statement to create a variable and make it reference a piece of data. Here is an example of an assignment statement:
age = 25

An assignment statement is written in the following general format:
variable = expression

Question 12

This symbol marks the beginning of a comment in Python.

a. &
b. *
c. **
d. #

Answer 12

#

Chapter 2 (page 39)

In Python, you begin a comment with the # character. When the Python interpreter sees a # character, it ignores everything from that character to the end of the line.

Question 13

Which of the following statements will cause an error?

a. x = 17
b. 17 = x
c. x = 99999
d. x = ‘ 17 ‘

Answer 13

17 = x

Chapter 2 (page 42)

In an assignment statement, the variable that is receiving the assignment must appear on the left side of the operator. An error occurs if the item on the left side of the = operator is not a variable

Question 14

In the expression 12 + 7, the values on the right and left of the + symbol are called ___.

a. operands
b. operators
c. arguments
d. math expressions

Answer 14

Chapter 2 (page)

Question 15

This operator performs integer division.

a. / /
b. %
c. **
d. /

Answer 15

/ /

Chapter 2 (page 54)

/ / Integer Division
Divides one number by another and gives the result as a whole number.
5 // 2 = 2

/ Division
Divides one number by another and gives the result as a floating-point number.
5 / 2 = 2.5

Question 16

This is an operator that raises a number to a power.

a. %
b. *
c. **
d. /

Answer 16

• *

Chapter 2 (page 54)

** Exponent
Raises a number to a power.

Question 17

This operator performs division, but instead of returning the quotient it returns the remainder.

a. %
b. *
c. **
d. /

Answer 17

%

Chapter 2 (page 54)

% Remainder
Divides one number by another and gives the remainder.

Question 18

Suppose the following statement is in a program:
price = 99.0. After this statement executes, the price variable will reference a value of which data type?

a. int
b. float
c. currency
d. str

Answer 18

float

Chapter 2 (page 47)

A numeric literal that is written with a decimal point is considered a float. Examples are 1.5, 3.14159 , and 99.0

Question 19

Which built-in function can be used to read input that has been typed on the keyboard?

a. input ( )
b. get_input ( )
c. read_input ( )
d. keyboard ( )

Answer 19

input ( )

Chapter 2 (page 49)

The input function reads a piece of data that has been entered at the keyboard and returns that piece of data, as a string, back to the program. You normally use the input function in an assignment statement that follows this general format:
variable = input(prompt)

Question 20

Which built-in function can be used to convert an int value to a float?

a. int_to_float ( )
b. float ( )
c. convert ( )
d. int ( )

Answer 20

int ( )

Chapter 2 (page 51)
int(item)
You pass an argument to the int( ) function and it returns the argument's value converted to an int.

Question 21

A magic number is ___.

a. a number that is mathematically undefined
b. an unexplained value that appears in a program’s code
c. a number that cannot be divided by 1
d. a number that causes a computer to crash

Answer 21

an unexplained value that appears in a program’s code

Chapter 2 (page 73)

A magic numbers can be problematic, for a number of reasons. It can be difficult for someone reading the code to determine the purpose of of the number. If the magic number is used in multiple places in the program, it can take painstaking effort to change the number in each location should the need arise. Third, you take the risk of making a typographical mistake each time you type the magic number in the program’s code.

Question 22

A ___ is a name that represents a value that does not change during the program’s execution.

a. named literal
b. named constant
c. variable signature
d. key term

Answer 22

named constant

Chapter 2 (page 73)

Question 23

Programmers must be careful not to make syntax errors when writing pseudocode programs. True or False?

Answer 23

False

Chapter 2 (page 34)

Programmers use pseudocode to create models, or “mock-ups” of programs. Programmers don’t have to worry about syntax errors while writing pseudocode, they can focus all of their attention on the program’s design.

Question 24

In a math expression, multiplication and division take place before addition and subtraction. True or False?

Answer 24

Chapter 2 (page )

Question 25

Variable names can have spaces in them. True or False?

Answer 25

False

Chapter 2 (page 43)

A variable name cannot contain spaces

Question 26

In Python, the first character of a variable name cannot be a number. True or False?

Answer 26

True

Chapter 2 (page 43)

The first character must be one of the letters a through z, A through Z, or an underscore character ( _ ).

Question 27

If you print a variable that has not been assigned a value, the number 0 will be displayed. True or False?

Answer 27

Chapter 2 (page )

Question 28

Select all that apply. Which of the following are steps in the program development cycle?

a. write the code and correct syntax errors
b. design the program
c. test the program
d. correct logic errors

Answer 28

All of the above

Chapter 2 Q

Question 29

Which mathematical operator is used to raise 5 to the second power in Python?

a. /
b. ~
c. ^
d. **

Answer 29

• *

Chapter 2 Q

Question 30

A flowchart is a tool used by programmers to design programs.
True or False?

Answer 30

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 31

The \t escape character causes the output to skip over to the next horizontal tab.
True or False?

Answer 31

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 32

The Python turtle is initially positioned in the ___ of a graphics window and it first appears, by devault to be heading ___.

a. bottom left corner, down
b. top left corner, east
c. center, east
d. center, up

Answer 32

center, east

Chapter 2 Q

Question 33

Since a named constant is just a variable, it can change any time during a program’s execution.
True or False?

Answer 33

False

Chapter 2 Q (page# 73)

A named constant is a name that represent a value that cannot be changed during the program’s execution.

Question 34

Comments in Python begin with the # character.

True or False?

Answer 34

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 35

The ___ build-in function is used to read a number that has been typed on the keyboard.

a. keyboard()
b. read()
c. input()
d. get()

Answer 35

input()

Chapter 2 Q

Question 36

Python allows programmers to break a statement into multiple lines.
True or False?

Answer 36

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 37

What symbol is used to mark the beginning and end of a string?

a. a quote mark ( “ )
b. an asterisk ( * )
c. a slash ( / )
d. a comma ( , )

Answer 37

a quote mark (“)

Chapter 2 Q

Question 38

When using the camelCase naming convention, the first word of the variable name is written in lowercase and the first characters of all subsequent words are written in uppercase.
True or False?

Answer 38

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 39

Select all that apply. Assume you are writing a program that calculates a user’s total order cost that includes sales tax of 6.5%. Which of the following are advantages of using a named constant to represent the sales tax instead of simply entering 0.065 each time the tax is required in the code?

a. It avoids the risk that any change to the value of sales tax will be made incorrectly or that an instance of the tax value might be missed as might occur if the number had to be changed in multiple locations.
b. It allows the end-user to always see the value of the sales tax.
c. It will be easier for another programmer who may need to use this code to understand the purpose of the number wherever it is used in the code.
d. If the tax amount changes to 7.0%, the value will only have to changed in one place.

Answer 39

A
C
D

Chapter 2 Q

Question 40

The line continuation character is a

a. #
b. &
c. \
d. %

Answer 40

\

Chapter 2 Q

Question 41

A(n) ___ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program?

a. pseudocode
b. source code
c. algorithm
d. flowchart

Answer 41

flowchart

Chapter 2 Q

Question 42

In Python print statements written on separate lines do not necessarily output on separate lines.
True or False?

Answer 42

True

Chapter 2 Q

Question 43

In a print statement, you can set the ___ argument to a space or empty string to stop the output from advancing to a new line.

a. stop
b. end
c. separator
d. newLine

Answer 43

end

Chapter 2 Q