Chapter 2: Imperial and colonial policy Flashcards
How many departments were the Colonial Office divided into?
1854 - 5: N America, Australia, West Indies (name at the time for group of British colonies in Caribbean), Africa, Mediterranean.
1870 - 6: all previously mentioned and General.
From 1867, how many British men could vote out of a total population of around 30 million?
Only around 2 and a half million
The right to vote depended on property ownership and was only given to men, but over what age?
Over the age of 21
In 1884, the right to vote was extended to what?
To around 2/3 of British men
The Caribbean colonies remained under direct British rule because the number of voters (who had to be white) was small. For example, in 1864, how many white people represented Jamaicans?
White people represented only 1,903 of 456,000 Jamaicans
When the first survey of the Indian population was taken in 1871, it indicated that how many lived either directly under British rule, or in states protected by treaties with Britain?
At least 236 million
In the Government of India Act (1858) a council (the India Council) (with experience of Indian affairs) was appointed to assist the Secretary of State for India and act as an advisory body in India affairs. How many members were there in the council?
15 members
The Viceroy relied on Indian rulers, in charge of the how many nominally (officially though perhaps not in reality) independent Princely States?
565 nominally independent Princely States
Within the civil service, bilingual Indians were recruited as low-level clerks across India’s how many provinces?
13 provinces
How many sizeable (fairly large) provinces of India were there?
8: Bengal, Bombay, Burma, Central Provinces, Madras, North East Frontier, Punjab and the United Provinces
What per cent of India was made up of Princely States?
40%
From 1858, efforts were made to strengthen the British Indian Army which, at the outbreak of the Rebellion, had numbered how many British troops?
Numbered fewer than 40,000 British troops
The East India Company’s armies were brought under the control of the Crown and the proportion of British to Indian troops raised to a ratio of what?
Roughly 1:2
By the late 1880s, there was an army of how many Britons and how many Indian troops?
70,000 Britons and 125,000 Indian troops
How many of how many Bengali regiments were disbanded?
62 of 74
In late 1859, how many Indian troops were sent to Shanghai during the Second Opium War against China?
10,000
Indian troops were useful as a cheap supply of ready-trained troops and how many were sent to Egypt to suppress Colonel Arabi Pasha’s Revolt in 1882?
7000
The growth of the railways helped India’s defence. How many miles of track were added in the decade following the Rebellion, exaggerating British prescence and enabling swifter deployment of troops in the event of trouble?
3000
For the past how many years had Britain dominated the seas (and consequently enjoyed considerable world influence)?
For the past 200 years
How many treaties did Henry Morton Stanley sign with local chiefs to establish Leopold’s personal sovereignty over their territories, which became known as the Congo Free State from May 1885?
Over 450 treaties
By 1884, although what per cent of Africa was still under local control, with the European powers largely restricted to the coastal areas, the need for some regulation of European expansion had become apparent?
80%
The Berlin Conference (1884-1885) was attended by the foreign ministers of how many European states as well as the USA but France, Germany, Great Britain, and Portugal were the major players since they controlled most of colonial Africa at the time?
14 European states
The General Act (signed at the Berlin Conference) triggered a further scramble for territory across Africa and, by 1900, how much per cent of the continent had been forced into European hands?
90%