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medical terminology > chapter 2 human body in health & dx > Flashcards

chapter 2 human body in health & dx Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

abdomin & pelvis as one cavity

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2
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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3
Q

adenitis

A

the inflammation of a gland

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4
Q

adip

A

fat

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5
Q

algia

A

pain

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6
Q

anatomy

A

the study of structures of the body

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7
Q

anomaly

A

a deviation from what is regarded as normal

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8
Q

anterior

A

front

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9
Q

aplasia

A

defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue
- born with

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10
Q

atresia

A

congenital absence of a of a structure to be tubular

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11
Q

caud/o

A

lower part of the body

- towards the tail

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12
Q

cephalic

A

towards the head

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13
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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14
Q

chromosomes

A

genetic structure in the nucleus

  • 46 or 23 pairs
  • 22 identical
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15
Q

coronal

A

relating to the frontal plane

- cuts into a front and back

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16
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disorder lungs & pancreas have thick mucus

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17
Q

cyt/o

A

cells

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18
Q

cytology

A

the anatomy, physiology, chemistry, pathology of the cell

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19
Q

cytoplasm

A

gel like material in cell membrane

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20
Q

dominant gene

A

inherited by either parent

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21
Q

dorsal

A

back

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22
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, & organs

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23
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

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24
Q

endemic

A

ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area

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25
Q

endocrine glands

A

produce hormones don’t have ducts in blood stream

26
Q

epidemic

A

sudden widespread outbreak of a disease

27
Q

epigastric

A

above the stomach

28
Q

epithelial

A

form a protective covering for all internal & external surfaces of the body
- makes glands

29
Q

etiology

A

the study of the causes of diseases

30
Q

frontal

A

front plane

  • vertical
  • makes anterior and posterior portions
31
Q

gametes

A

a mature male/female germ cell usually haploid

  • capable of making a diploid
  • also caused sex cell
32
Q

genome

A

the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or each

33
Q

hemophilia

A

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood clotting factor is missing

34
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

35
Q

homeostasis

A

the processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

36
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

genetic disorder that is causing nerve degeneration with symptoms that appear in the midlife

37
Q

inferior

A

below

38
Q

inguinal

A

of the goin

39
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

40
Q

medial

A

close to the center

41
Q

mesentery

A

continuous set of tissues that attached the intestine to the abdominal wall

42
Q

nosocomial

A

(of a disease) originating in a hospital

43
Q

-ology

A

study of

44
Q

pandemic

A

(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world

45
Q

path/o

A

suffering or disease

46
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

- silk membrane

46
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

- silk membrane

47
Q

physiology

A

functions of cells & organs

48
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

49
Q

posterior

A

towards the back

50
Q

recessive gene

A

masked by dominate gene

- won’t appear

51
Q

sagittal plane

A

cuts to make a left and right

52
Q

soma-

A

the body of an organism or cell body

53
Q

-stasis

A

slowdown oin the flow of blood or other body fluids

- lymph

54
Q

superior

A

above

55
Q

transverse

A

across

- top & bottom

56
Q

umbilicus

A

belly button region

57
Q

urinary system

A

(renal system) consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder, & urethra

  • eliminates waste
  • regulates blood pressure
58
Q

ventral

A

front

59
Q

where is DNA found

A

cell nucleus or mitochondria

medical terminology (6 decks)

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