Chapter 2-How computers find each other on Networks Flashcards
Fully qualified host name
A host name plus domain name that uniquely identifies a computer or location on a network.
gateway
A computer, router, or other device that a host uses to access another network. Gateways perform connectivity, session management, and data translation, so they must operate at multiple layers of the OSI model.
global address
same at global unicast address
global unicast address
An IPv6 address that can be routed on the Internet. These addresses are similar to public IPv4 address. Most global address begin with the prefix 2000::/3, although other prefixes are being released.
H.323
A signaling protocol used to make a connection between host prior to communicating multimedia data. H.323 has largely been replaced by SIP, which is easier to use.
hex number
same as hexadecimal number
hexadecimal number
A number written in the base 16 numbering system, which uses the 16 numerals 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E, and F
host name
The first part of an FGDN, such as www or ftp, which identifies the individual computer on the network
hosts file
A text file that associates TCP/IP host names with IP addresses. On a UNIX-or Linux-based computer, host is hound in the /etc directory. On a Windows-based computer, it is found in the %\system32\drivers\etc folder
ICMPv6
The version of ICMP used with IPv6 networks. ICMPv6 performs the functions that ICMP, IGMP, and ARP perform in IPv4. It detects and reports data transmission errors, discovers other nodes on a network, and manages multicasting.
ifconfig
A TCP/IP configuration and management utility used with UNIX and Linux systems.
interface
A network connection made by a node or host on a network.
interface ID
The last 64 bits, or four blocks, of an IPv6 address that uniquely identify the interface on the local link.
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
The nonprofit corporation currently designated by the U.S. government to maintain process and that packets were not delivered.
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
The internet protocol standard released in the 1980s and still commonly used on modern networks. It specifies 32-bit addresses composed of four octets.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
A standard for IP addressing that is gradually replacing the current IPv4. Most notably, IPv6 uses a newer, more efficient header in its packets and allows for 128-bit souce and destination IP addresses, which are usually written as eight blocks of hexadecimal numbers, such as 2001:0DB8:0B80:0000:0000:00D3:9C5A:00CC
ipconfig
The utility used to display TCP/IP addressing and domain name information in the Windows client operating systems.
ISATAP (Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol)
A tunneling protocol that enables transmission of IPv6 packets over IPv4 networks. This protocol works only on a single orzanization’s intranet
iterative query
A DNS query that does not demand a resolution, which means the server provides the information only if it already has that information available.
link
Any local area network (LAN) bounded by routers.
link local address
An IP address that is automatically assigned by an operating system to allow a node to communicate over its local subnet if a routable IP address is not available. ICANN has established the range of 169.254.0.0 through 169.254.254.255 as potential link-local IPv4 addresses. IPv6 link-local addresses begin with the prefix FE80::/10
link local unicast address
An IPv6 address that can be used for communicating with nodes in the same link. These addresses are similar to IPv4’s autoconfigured APIPA addresses and begin with the prefix FE80::/10
local link
see link
loopback address
An IP address reserved for communicating from a node to itself, used mostly for troubleshooting purposes. The IPv4 loopback address is always cited as 127.0.0.1, and the IPv6 loopback address is ::1.