Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History - Weimar and Nazi Germany > Chapter 2 Hitler's rise to power, 1919-33 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Hitler's rise to power, 1919-33 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

Facts about Hitler’s early years?

A
  • He was born in Austria in 1889
  • He moved to Munich in 1913 and became obsessed with all things German
  • He fought in the First World War and his experience confirmed his views that Germany had a special destiny
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What was Hitler’s reaction to the end of WW1?

A

He was shocked by Germany’s defeat and the outcome of the Treaty of Versailles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the timeline of Hitler in relation to the early DAP/NSDAP?

A
  • 1919 Hitler joined the DAP
  • 1920 Hitler was second in command of the DAP
  • 1920 August , the DAP changed its name to the National Socialist German Worker’s party
  • 1921 Hitler took over control of the Nazi party from Drexler
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When was the DAP set and by who ?

A

The German’s workers party was set up by Anton Dexler in Feb 1919

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When did Hitler join the DAP ?

A

In September 1919

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

After Hitler joined the DAP, what happened?

A
  • the DAP set up the permanent headquarters, Hitler became second in command
  • Hitler suggested the new name of the party - the Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s party ( NSDAP ) or Nazi for short
  • In July 1921, Hitler became
    leader of the Nazi Party
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When Hitler became leader of the Nazi party, who did he select to be his party supporters?

A

Hess, Goering, Streicher and Röhm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the 25 point programme ?

A

A document of the parties policies written by Hitler and Dexler in 1920

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did the programme oppose ?

A

The Weimar politicians who agreed to the Treaty of Versailles; democracy, which they thought was weak and Jews who they felt undermined the German economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What were some of the points on the 25-point programme ?

A
  • Increase pensions for the elderly.
  • Nationalise industries.
  • Get rid of the Treaty of Versailles.
  • Everybody should have a job.
  • Build up Germany’s armed forces.
  • Only German races may be members of the nation. No Jew may be a citizen.
  • Expand Germany across new territory to feed the people and to settle surplus population (known as Lebensraum).
  • All citizens should have equal rights and duties.
  • Every hard-working German to have the chance of higher education.
  • State must protect mothers and infants, stop children working; make laws for compulsory sports.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who where the SA/ the Sturmabeitlung?

A

The sturmabeitlung ( or stormtroopers ) were a paramilitary force made up of unemployed ex-soldiers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When was the SA formed?

A

In August 1921 by Hitler and put in command of Ernst Röhm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the SA?

A

They wore brown uniforms and were nicknamed ‘Brownshirts’.They were used to disrupt opposition meetings and to control crowds and any opposition to Hitler - often violently.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When did Hitler attempt to overthrow the Weimar government ?

A

In November 1923

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was Hitler’s attempt of overthrowing the Weimar government called ?

A

The Munich putch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were the long term reasons for the Munich Putch ?

A
  • ‘Stab in the back’
  • Reparations
  • The loss of Germany’s colonies.
  • Resentment of Weimar government, particularly by the Bavarian government
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What were the medium term reasons for the Munich Putch ?

A

Hitler was influenced by Mussolini’s right-wing party in Italy - the Fascists.
Mussolini marched on Rome in 1922, forcing the democratic government to accept him as leader.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What were the short term reasons for the Munich Putch ?

A
  • Hyperinflation
  • French troops entered
    Ruhr in 1923 and took over
    German businesses.
  • Hitler thought that he had support.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the events of the Putch?

A
  • 8 November 1923
    Hitler with 600 SA entered a hall in Munich where the Bavarian government were meeting. At gunpoint, Hitler forced government leaders to support him. Röhm took over local police and army headquarters. Ludendorff, behind Hitler’s back, let the government leaders go.
  • 9 November 1923
    Hitler gathered with 1000 SA and 2000 volunteer supporters and marched on Munich town centre to declare himself President of Germany. The group was met by state police. Someone opened fire and there was chaos. Ludendorff, Röhm and Streicher were arrested
  • Hitler was found hiding at a friend’s house and was arrested.
20
Q

What were the consequences of the Putsch, short term ?

A

In the short term, the Putsch was not good for Hitler. He was in prison and the NSDAP was banned, and the Putsch had failed miserably because of lack of support.

21
Q

What were the consequences of the Putsch in the long term ?

A

In the long term, however, the consequences were more positive for Hitler and the NSDAP :
* Hitler used his trial to publicise his views.
* He used his time in prison to write Mein Kampf (My Struggle). This book became a bestseller when published - it outlined his political ideas and in particular his views on Jews.
* The events of the Putsch made Hitler realise that the party needed to rethink its tactics and be more organised in order to win support nationally, using violence and force wasn’t enough.

22
Q

When was Hitler released and the ban on the NSDAP lifted ?

A

Hitler left only after 9 months in 1924 Dec, the ban wars lifted In 1925

23
Q

What was the Bamberg conference ?

A

Hitler organised this conference to address splits between the socialist and nationalist wings of the Nazi movement. Hitler’s power as leader was secured and his vision of Nazism taken forward.

24
Q

When did Barang conference occur ?

A

1926

25
Q

When did the Nazi’s start gaining support again ?

A

From 1929-1932 when they benefited from the Weimar Republic’s weakness and economic problems.

26
Q

What led to the Wall Street crash ?

A

US companies lost billions of dollars in value overnight. Many banks and businesses were ruined, and worldwide depression resulted.

27
Q

What did the Wall Street crash cause ?

A

US stopped lending money to Germany and demanded all loans be repaid

28
Q

When did the Wall Street crash happen ?

A

October 1929

29
Q

How did German business suffer as a result of the Wall Street crash ?

A
  • Had to pay back loans.
  • Received no more investment from the US.
  • Had to pay increased taxes to government.
30
Q

How did German government suffer as a result of the Wall Street crash ?

A
  • Couldn’t borrow money from the US.
  • Refused to print more money.
  • Increased taxes.
  • Made cuts in unemployment benefit.
  • Government workers had wages cut and some lost their jobs.
31
Q

How did German people suffer as a result of the Wall Street crash ?

A
  • Businesses reduced staff or closed.
  • Millions of workers and farm labourers lost their jobs.
  • Young people were badly affected by job losses.
  • With no work, and benefits slashed, families suffered terrible poverty.
32
Q

How did the depression benefit Hitler ?

A

Economic problems led to unemployment and poverty, this led to people becoming dissatisfied with the weak Weimar Republic and look for alternatives

These alternatives being extreme left wing and right wing parties causing the Nazi party to gather a lot of support

33
Q

Using propaganda techniques, who did Hitler persuade ?

A
  • business people that he could solve the economic crisis
  • working-class people that he could give them work and food
  • middle-class people that he could protect them from the communists, solve the economic crisis and return Germany to traditional values
  • rural communities that he could protect them from the communists, who might seize their land
  • young people to join him by providing something exciting for them to be part of
  • women that the Nazis were the best party to save the nation and their families.
34
Q

What was Hitler’s appeal ?

A
  • he was a strong leader
  • His image appeared on most publicity material
  • He travelled around the country giving speeches and talking on the radio
  • The party adopted modern technology, e.g. used aeroplanes
35
Q

Who was Paul von Hindenburg?

A

A hero of the First World War and President of the Weimar Republic

36
Q

Who was Heinrich Brüning ?

A

The Chancellor

37
Q

Who was general Franz von Papen?

A

The politician and friend of Hidenburg

38
Q

Who was Kurt Von Schleicher ?

A

The army general

39
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens April 1932?

A
  • Hindenburg stands for re-election as President.
  • No one party has 50% of the vote.
  • Chancellor Brüning bans the SA.
40
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens in May 1932

A
  • Election with Hindenburg being re-elected as President.
    Hitler increases his share of the vote.
  • Chancellor Brüning’s plan to buy up land from landowners and use it to house the unemployed is opposed by Hindenburg. Brüning resigns.
    Brüning is replaced by von Papen - he is put forward by von Schleicher.
  • Von Schleicher had been planning a coalition between right-wing supporters and the Nazis.
  • Hitler agrees to the coalition if the ban on the SA is removed.
  • The coalition takes power.
41
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens in July 1932?

A
  • Further elections take place - there is widespread fighting between the communists and the Nazis.
  • The Nazi share of the vote increases from 18% in 1930 to 38%.
  • Hitler demands that he be made Chancellor - Hindenburg refuses.
42
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens in November 1932?

A
  • Further election
  • Von Schleicher warns Hindenburg that if von Papen stays as Chancellor there will be civil war.
  • Von Papen goes.
43
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens in December 1932?

A
  • Von Schleicher becomes Chancellor
44
Q

Hitler’s road to power, what happens in January 1933?

A
  • Von Schleicher does not have the support of the public or the Nazis.
  • He persuades Hindenburg that he could be the head of a military dictatorship. Hindenburg refuses.
  • Von Papen persuades Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor to avoid von Schleicher’s military dictatorship.
  • He also suggests that he should become Vice-Chancellor so that he can keep a check on Hitler.
  • Hitler becomes Chancellor.
45
Q
A

History - Weimar and Nazi Germany (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions