Chapter 2 History Of Occupational Therapy Flashcards
Awakening of social consciousness
18th and 19th centuries (1700-1800)
What is Moral Treatment?
Felt all people are entitled to consideration and human compassion
French physician who introduced work treatment
Used exercise, work, music, and literature
Philippe Pinel
English Quaker that developed “York Retreat”
Treated pts like family
William Tuke
1st physician to institute moral treatment in the United States
Father of American psychiatry
Benjamin Rush
OT also known as:
Ergotherapy
Activity Therapy
The Work Cure
Occupation Therapy
Increase of industrial accidents, TB, and chronic illnesses
20th century (early 1900s)
Developed tx concept of adapting arts and crafts for medical purposes
Created the work cure
Herbert Hall
Created term Occupation Therapy
Introduced crafts to pts and encouraged them to actively participate in tx
Father of OT
William Dunton
Opened Consolation house and used occupation as method of tx
Changed name to Occupational Therapy
Personally experienced many disabilities
George Edward Barton
Habit training
Began career in social work
Organized 1st professional school for OT practitioners
Mother of OT
Eleanor Clark Slagle
Nursing instructor
Occupational nurse involved in training of nurses in use of occupations
Wrote first known book on OT
Susan Tracy
Later became AOTA
National Society for the Promotion of OT (NSPOT)
Swiss MD who created the holistic perspective
Balancing work, rest, play, and leisure
Had point of view that later became philosophy of OT
Adolph Meyer
In war years, OT practitioners were called :
Curative or bed-side therapists, physiotherapists, and vocational evaluators
Called reconstruction aides in France
