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FMF > Chapter 2 History > Flashcards

Chapter 2 History Flashcards

0
Q

When did the USMC fall under the DON?

A

1834

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1
Q

USMC was created on what date?

A

10 nov 1775

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2
Q

What year was the National Security act created and amended?

A

1947/1952

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3
Q

In what year did the marines invade new providence?

A

1776

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4
Q

What nickname did the marines get during the revolutionary war of 1776

A

Leatherneck

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5
Q

Who dos the marines attack at Burma on the shores of tripoli?

A

Barbary pirates 1805

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6
Q

When did the marines occupy the halls of montaezuma?

A

1847

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7
Q

Who was in command at harpers ferry

A

Colonel Robert e. Lee 1859

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8
Q

When did the USMC adopt the ega?

A

1868

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9
Q

Who modified the British royal marine emblem?

A

BGen Jacob Zeilin, 7th Commandant

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10
Q

What was adopted in 1883

A

The official motto of the USMC semper fidelis (Latin for always faithful)

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11
Q

What year was the boxer rebellion?

A

1900

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12
Q

What did the marines protect during the boxer rebellion?

A

The legation quarter against attack

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13
Q

What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit?

A

1913

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14
Q

Who was the USMC first pilot?

A

Major Alfred A Cunningham

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15
Q

What year was the 5th and 6th marines awarded the french fourragere

A

1917

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16
Q

What year was the USMC reorganized into fmf?

A

1933

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17
Q

What did the FMF formally establish?

A

Command and administrative relations

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18
Q

What was established is quantico, va?

A

The marine corps equipment board

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19
Q

Where did the marines land in 1965?

A

Vietnam and Dominican Republic

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20
Q

What did the marines participate in during the Vietnam war?

A

Pacification program designed to support the local populace.

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21
Q

Who did the is marines evacuate from the Dominican Republic?

A

U.S. Citizens

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22
Q

What year did the marines deploy to Lebanon?

A

1982

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23
Q

Why did the marines go to lebanon?

A

Restor peace.

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24
Q

What date was the suicide bombing in Lebanon?

A

23 Oct 1983

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25
Q

How many casualties resulted from the lebanon bombing?

A

241 KIA 70 wounded

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26
Q

What was the withdrawal date from Lebanon

A

July 1984

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27
Q

What year was operation desert storm

A

1991

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28
Q

Why was desert storm launched?

A

Iraqi government refused to comply with United Nations resolutions.

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29
Q

What was the official name of the war in Afghanistan.

A

OEF

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30
Q

How and what date did OEF begin?

A

07 oct 2001 a mix of strikes from US and British air and submarines.

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31
Q

What dates make up the invasion of Iraq?

A

March 20 - May 1, 2003

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32
Q

Who where the U.S. Allies during the invasion of Iraq.

A

Australia, Poland, and the kingdom.

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33
Q

When was the first battle of fallujah?

A

April 2004

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34
Q

What was the operation name of the first battle of fallujah?

A

Operation vigilant resolve.

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35
Q

What was the date of the second battle of fallujah.

A

Nov/dec 2004

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36
Q

What operations made up the second battle of fallujah?

A

Al-fair (Arabic for “the dawn”), phantom fury.

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37
Q

The battle of belleu wood occurred during what war?

A

WWI

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38
Q

What did the French rename Belleu wood?

A

The wood of the brigade of marines.

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39
Q

German Intel evaluated the marines as what?

A

Storm troops

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40
Q

Germans referred to marines as what?

A

Teufelhunden

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41
Q

What date was the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

7-Aug-42

42
Q

Where was the first US land offensive of WWII?

A

Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands

43
Q

What was the first two “firsts” in the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

1st US land offensive of WWII, 1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine

44
Q

Why was the battle of Guadalcanal a turning point of the war in the Pacific?

A

Provided a base to launch further invasions

45
Q

Amphibious landings took place on what 3 islands after Guadalcanal?

A

New Georgia, Choiseul (Feint), Bougainville

46
Q

Japanese commander claimed “a million Americans 100 years to conquer” what islands?

A

Tarawa Atoll, Betio Island

47
Q

What date did the Marines land on Tarawa?

A

20-Nov-43

48
Q

How long did it take to secure Tarawa Atoll?

A

76 hours

49
Q

Why was the battle of Tarawa so deadly?

A

Extended reef forced Marines to offload hundreds of yards from the beaches. Subjected to gunfire and drowning

50
Q

What Islands make up the Mariana’s

A

Saipan, Guam, Tinian

51
Q

What year were the Mariana Islands invaded?

A

Summer 1943

52
Q

Why were the Mariana’s invaded?

A

To provide needed Air Force and navy bases

53
Q

Who landed the invasion at Tinian?

A

LTGen Holland M. Smith

54
Q

LTGen Smith’s invasion force totaled how many Marines and Soldiers?

A

136,000

55
Q

When was the battle of Iwo Jima?

A

19-feb-1945

56
Q

How many injuries did the USMC suffer during Iwo Jima.

A

23,300

57
Q

What did admiral Chester W. Nimitz say regarding Iwo Jima?

A

Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue

58
Q

The battle of Chosin Reservoir took place during what year?

A

Nov 1950

59
Q

Who cut off the Marines during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir?

A

Chinese Communist forces

60
Q

How many divisions did the Marines destroy during the Battle of Chosin Reservior?

A

7/10

61
Q

What was the major significance of the retrograde movement during Chosin?

A

Brought out all operable equip, properly evacuated wounded and dead, maintained tactical integrity

62
Q

What date was the battle of Hue City?

A

Jan 1968

63
Q

What two cities were occupied during the holiday of TET

A

Hue and citadel

64
Q

Hue city was the first time Marines fought in built up areas since what war?

A

Korean

65
Q

How was progress measured during the battle of hue city?

A

Yards

66
Q

What date was Hue secured?

A

25 feb 1968

67
Q

What year did Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson become Commandant?

A

1820

68
Q

How long did Gen Henderson hold his command?

A

39

69
Q

What year did Gen Henderson die?

A

1959

70
Q

Gen Henderson led the Marines through what events?

A

Indian Wars, War with Mexico, opening of China, Disorders in Central America

71
Q

What was Archibald Henderson’s nickname?

A

Grand old man of the marine corps

72
Q

What 3 higher standards did Gen Henderson introduced?

A

appearance, training, discipline

73
Q
  1. Gen Henderson believed that Marines were capable of more than what duties?
A

Sea and guard

74
Q

Sgt Major Quick is remembered for what performance?

A

Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba) - helped seize an advanced base for the Atlantic Fleet battalion of Marines

75
Q

Why was SgtMaj quick awarded the medal of honor?

A

Semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and American shellfire

76
Q

What year did the capture and defense of advanced bases become a primary mission of the USMC?

A

1898

77
Q

What is Gunny Dan Daly remembered for saying during the Battle of Belleau Wood?

A

“Come on, you sons of a bitches, do you want to live forever?”

78
Q

Where did SgtMaj Daly earn two Medals of Honor?

A

Chinese Boxer Rebellion, First Caco War in Haiti

79
Q

LTGen Louis B. Puller earned what two nicknames?

A

Tiger of the mountains (1930), Chesty

80
Q

How many Marines were with Chesty Puller from Nicaragua to the Honduran border?

A

32

81
Q

Who is recognized for prowess in aerial dogfights?

A

Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington

82
Q

Major Boyington was in command of what?

A

VMH-214, the ‘Black Sheep’

83
Q

How many kills did Major Boyington have?

A

28 by 1945

84
Q

Who was in command of Ira Hayes?

A

MajGen Harry Schmidt

85
Q

Ira H. Hayes was a member of what Amphibious Corps of Marines?

A

5th

86
Q

What kind of Indian was Ira Hayes?

A

Pima

87
Q

How was Corporal Hayes immortalized?

A

Second flag raising on 23 FEB 1945

88
Q

Who was the USMCs 1st enlisted woman?

A

Opha may Johnson

89
Q

What date did private Johnson enlist?

A

13 August 1918

90
Q

What was the official title of female enlisted marines?

A

Marine reserve (f)

91
Q

What were the two common titles for female enlisted Marines?

A

Skirt marines, marinettes

92
Q

Who served as the Director of Women Marines?

A

Colonel Margaret A. Brewer

93
Q

What period did Colonel Margaret A. Brewer serve as the director of WM?

A

1973-1977

94
Q

When did BGEN Margaret A. Brewer become the Corps’ first general officer?

A

11 May 1978

95
Q
  1. What was John H. Bradley’s rate/rank?
A

Pharmacist’s Mate Second Class

96
Q

Joe Rosenthal’s photo was used on posters to fund what?

A

7th War Loan bond drive

97
Q

What flag raising did John Bradley participate in?

A

Second

98
Q

How did John H. Bradley earn the Navy Cross?

A

Rushed through mortar and machine gun fire to shield a Marine with his own body, administer plasma, bandage wounds and drag the casualty 30yds to safety.

99
Q

Who did Robert R. Ingram serve with?

A

Company C, First Battalion, Seventh Marines

100
Q

Robert Ingram was a MOH recipient for actions on what date?

A

28 MARCH 1966 in Vietnam

101
Q

How many bullet wounds did Robert Ingram sustain?

A

4

102
Q

At what distance should a salute be rendered?

A

At least 6 paces but no more then 30.

FMF (4 decks)

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