Chapter 2 - Henry VII Government

Question 1

What is the great council?

Answer 1

They are only there when they are needed and consist of the;

• house of lords
• house of commons

Made up of lords

Question 2

What was the star chamber?

Answer 2

It presided over the hearings of poor mens legal suits
- known as requests

There was no death penalty

Question 3

What are parliamentary taxes?

Answer 3

They were based on a persons ‘moveable goods’

Increased the tax amounts

Question 4

What are bonds?

Answer 4

They were a written contract of good behaviour or for individuals to perform specific task

Question 5

What were recognisances?

Answer 5

They were a formal acknowledgement of actual debts and other obligations owed to the crown

Question 6

What was the acts of attainder?

Answer 6

• family land taken away because of disobedience to the crown
  Bonds- aristocrates needed to pay
  Recognisances- debts to king

Most cases were exaggerated or fabricated

Question 7

When was the act of retaining passed and revisitied

Answer 7

1485 - 1504

Question 8

What was the acts of retaining

Answer 8

Retaining was were great lords recruited those of a lower social status to advance the lords position within the land

Question 9

Whats did the 1485 act suggest

Answer 9

Nobles swore in court not to retain illegally

Question 10

What did the 1504 act of retaining suggest?

Answer 10

Needed kings license to retain

Question 11

What is the council?

Answer 11

They are always there and advise the king and make legal judgments

They are members of the nobility, churchmen, laymen and have a formal education/gentry

Question 12

What is the council learned in law?

Answer 12

Defend kings position as a feudal landlord

- ensured that financial dues owed to him

Question 13

When was the council learned in law established

Answer 13

1495

Question 14

What is the use of national government?

Answer 14

They had a minor political role where the parliament was called to served interests of the monarch

Question 15

What was the exchequer?

Answer 15

They received and paid money

However

• very slow
• very thorough

Question 16

What was the chamber?

Answer 16

Informal and flexible that was only restored when it was able to

Question 17

What was the royal household?

Answer 17

All people who are in the household reorganised to make the chamber the centre of the royal finances and handled the way henry got money

Question 18

What was the privy chamber?

Answer 18

Made up of loyal people of the king and they took money from royal household to make the chamber better

Question 19

What was henrys domestic policy?

Answer 19

Justice and the maintenance of order

• prime responsibility is to keep law and order and to avoid rebellions
• magnates reduced
• large network of spies used

Question 20

What was a pension?

Answer 20

Money for things

Question 21

What types of ordinary revenue are there?

Answer 21

• crown lands
• custom duties
• feudal dues
• profits of justice

Question 22

What types of extraordinary revenue were there?

Answer 22

• parliamentary grants
• loans and benevelances
• clerical taxes
• french pensions
• bonds and recognisances

Question 23

What were crown lands

Answer 23

He maximised yield from crown lands, used attainders and the act of resumption - recovered for the crown all properties granted away since 1455

Question 24

What were custom duties?

Answer 24

They made up largest part of kings income 
- the principle duties were levies on:
~wool
~leather
~wine

Henry also blocked many loopholes in system in 1487