chapter 2 general

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

use nutrients and oxygen to release energy that is stored in food

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.

Question 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 3

A system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.

Question 4

Karyotype

Answer 4

Picture of chromosomes

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 6

Anabolism

Answer 6

process of building large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids

Question 7

Metabolism

Answer 7

the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

Question 8

Muscle Cell

Answer 8

long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing

Question 9

epithelial cells

Answer 9

skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs

Question 10

adipose tissue

Answer 10

Tissue that stores fat.

Question 11

Cartilage

Answer 11

A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together.

Question 12

right hypochondriac region

Answer 12

right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen

Question 13

chrondroma

Answer 13

benign tumor of cartilage

Question 14

discectomy (diskectomy)

Answer 14

removal of an intervertebral disc

Question 15

Chromosomes

Answer 15

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

Question 16

Genes

Answer 16

DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission.

Question 17

Ribosomes

Answer 17

Makes proteins

Question 18

nerve cells

Answer 18

fast cell communication, sends impulses through nervous system

Question 19

Fat Cells

Answer 19

large empty spaces for fat storage

Question 20

Tissue

Answer 20

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

Question 21

Histologist

Answer 21

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

Question 22

Organs

Answer 22

Tissues are organized into:, group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions.

Question 23

visceral organs

Answer 23

visceral organs

Question 24

Body Systems

Answer 24

groups of organs that perform specific functions in the human body

Question 25

DNA

Answer 25

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

Question 26

Thoracotomy

Answer 26

incision of the chest

Question 27

mediastinoscopy

Answer 27

visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes

Question 28

tracheotomy

Answer 28

incision into the trachea

Question 29

laryngectomy

Answer 29

surgical removal of the larynx

Question 30

arthroscope

Answer 30

instrument for looking into a joint

Question 31

peritoneoscopy

Answer 31

inspection of abdominal organs and removal of diseased tissue

Question 32

sarcoma

Answer 32

Malignant tumor of flesh tissue

Question 33

lumbosacral

Answer 33

pertaining to the lower back and sacrum

Question 34

Adipose

Answer 34

Pertaining to fat

Question 35

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 35

malignant tumor of cartilage

Question 36

coccygeal

Answer 36

pertaining to the coccyx or tailbone