Chapter 2: Frameworks for Understanding & Attaining Behavior Change Flashcards
Behavior Change
Conducting oneself differently in some particular manner
Behavior Change Models
A conceptual framework for analyzing and explaining behavior change
Theories
Constructs to provide an explanation based on observation and reasoning of why phenomenon occurs
Concepts
The building blocks or major components of a theory
Models
Generalized descriptions used to analyze or explain phenomenon
Motivation
A state of readiness to change
Self-efficacy
An individual’s confidence to perform a specific behavior
Self-motivational statements
Arguments for making a behavior change made by the client
What are the benefits of using theoretical behavior change theories and models?
Presenting a road map for understanding health behaviors
Highlighting variables to target during interventions
Supplying rationale
Guided process for eliciting behavior change
Provides tools & strategies to facilitate behavior change
Provide outcome measures to assess effectiveness
Why does a high level of self-efficacy correlate positively with health behavior changes?
Self-efficacy has to do with one’s own self-confidence in their ability to perform a specific behavior. If somebody has a high level of self-confidence in their ability to be successful at incorporating behavioral changes related to diets, then they are much more likely to experience positive changes.
Identify the six constructs of the Health-Belief Model.
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived Severity
Perceived benefits
Perceived barriers
Cues to action
Self-efficacy
Explain the six constructs of the Health-Belief Model.
Perceived susceptibility: individual’s chances of diagnosis of disease or other conditions
Perceived Severity: individual’s understood level of risk of susceptible disease/condition; physical/social consequences
Perceived benefits: belief of particular benefits associated with making the change
Perceived barriers: the possible barriers that may be in the way of achieving the goals set in place
Cues to action: removal of certain influences, example being the removal of sweets from the counter and the placement of apples.
Self-efficacy: improved self-confidence toward successfully achieving one’s goals
Identify the five stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model.
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance
Explain the five stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model.
Precontemplation: No intentions of changing within the next 6-months, likely resistant to any efforts to modify current behaviors; unware of current problems/risks, denial of problem, unwillingness to change
Contemplation: Recognition of need to create change, state of ambivalence, contradictory statements; often a stage people get stuck in for years
Preparation: Identified a strong motivator, belief that advantages outweigh the disadvantages, committed to action in the near future, willing to problem solve and take practical steps
Action: changes are not permanent yet, they are still in the form of becoming habitual and should be supported positively; relapse occurs most commonly in the 3-6 month range
Maintenance: Engaged in new behavior for 6+ months, consolidating the gains and there is now a habitual pattern of the new behaviors being learned and practiced
According to the Theory of Planned Behavior, three factors that affect behavioral intention are attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Explain these factors.
Attitude:
Favorable or unfavorable evaluations of behavior, strongly influenced by our beliefs of the outcomes possible from creating the change & how important the outcome is to the client.
Subjective norm:
Perceived social pressure of how significant others (friends, family, partners, colleagues, etc) approve or don’t of the behavior changes being addressed
Perceived behavioral control:
Overall measure of an individual’s perceived control over the behavior; determined by environmental and cognitive influences
