Chapter 2: Foundations Of Practice & Quality Assurance Flashcards
Standards of Practice
Organizational standards
Best practice regardless of care setting
Measurable
A legal tool
Standards of Governance
Organizational standard
Define and guide management and leadership to determine the level of excellence
Standard of care
Organizational standard
Minimal level of care delivery required to keep a patient free from harm
Guidelines
Informational
Gives direction
No legal impact
Quality Assurance
A structured program based on available resources
Utilized to monitor and evaluate the appropriateness, outcome, and quality of care
Determines the degree of excellence of care provided; and strives to continually improve the quality of care directed towards positive outcomes
Goals of quality assurance
Ensure the best IV care
Decrease IV complications
Assure timely and appropriate interventions
Types of quality assurance
Continuous quality improvement (CQI)
Total quality management (TQM)
Quality assurance (QA)
Quality improvement (QI)
QA vs QI
QA: Inspection, reactive, individual correction, and few responsible
QI: prevention, proactive, system correction, all responsible
Methods of data collection
Observation
Interview
Sources
Concurrent data collection
From initiation to termination of care (best)
Retrospective data collection
Review after care has been delivered
Evaluation tools
Ishikawa Design (fishbone chart)
Run Chart
Flow Chart
Pareto Chart
Sentinel Event
Serious, undesirable outcome of care that requires investigation
Root cause analysis
The process of asking what & why instead of who
The joint commission views this process as acceptable as long as it looks at systems and processes instead of who
Rate-based
Measures of care over time
Shows trends
Unusual occurrence
Any deviation from the plan of care
Also report near misses of error occurrences
Assault
The attempt or threat to do bodily injury to another
Battery
Actual physical contact that causes harm
Physical contact without consent
Civil law
The legal structure that deals with the rights of an individual person or a corporation
Criminal law
Legal structure that deals with an offense against the general public or society as a whole
Actions by licensed persons against medical practice acts or nurse practice acts are considered criminal offenses
