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Physics - Additional > Chapter 2 - Forces > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What are action and reaction forces

A

When an object exerts a force on another object and that objects exerts an equal and opposite force back on that object

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2
Q

What is the resultant force

A

The single force that has the same effect as all the forces acting on an object

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3
Q

What are forces measured in

A

Newtons

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4
Q

When the resultant force on an object is zero, what happens when
•An object is at rest
•An object is moving

A

If an object is at rest, it will stay at rest

If an object is moving, it will carry on moving at the same speed and in the same direction

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5
Q

What is the equation to find the resultant force on an object

A

F= m x a

F = Resultant force (N)
M= Mass (Kg)
A= Acceleration (m/s2)
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6
Q

Why might the force needed to give an object a particular acceleration have to be bigger

A

If the mass of an object is bigger

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7
Q

Why might the resultant force on an object be zero it was travelling at a steady speed

A

The driving forces are equal and opposite to the friction forces

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8
Q

How is the thinking distance increased

A
  • If the driver is tired

* If the driver is under the influence of alcohol or drugs

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9
Q

How is the braking distance increased

A
  • Poorly maintained roads
  • Bad weather conditions
  • Condition of the car (worn tyres, worn brakes)
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10
Q

What is a drag force

A

The force exerted on an object when it falls through a fluid. The faster the object falls, the bigger the drag force until eventually it will be equal to the weight of the object

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11
Q

What is fuel economy

A

Reducing the speed of a vehicle which reduces the amount of fuel it uses to travel a particular distance

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12
Q

What do anti skid surfaces do

A

Increase the friction between a car tyre and the road surface

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13
Q

What does a resultant force always cause

A

Acceleration

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14
Q

What is a negative acceleration

A

Deceleration

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15
Q

What is needed to make an object change direction

A

A resultant force

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16
Q

Why might the force needed to give an object a particular acceleration have to be bigger

A

If the mass of an object is bigger

17
Q

Why might the resultant force on an object be zero it was travelling at a steady speed

A

The driving forces are equal and opposite to the friction forces

18
Q

What is the stopping distance

A

The distance a vehicle travels during the thinking distance plus the braking distance

19
Q

How is the thinking distance increased

A
  • If the driver is tired

* If the driver is under the influence of alcohol or drugs

20
Q

How is the braking distance increased

A
  • Poorly maintained roads
  • Bad weather conditions
  • Condition of the car (worn tyres, worn brakes)
21
Q

What is a drag force

A

The force exerted on an object when it falls through a fluid. The faster the object falls, the bigger the drag force until eventually it will be equal to the weight of the object

22
Q

What is terminal velocity

A

The velocity an object reaches when it’s falling in a liquid. The weight is then equal to the drag force on the object

23
Q

What does the term extension mean

A

The difference between the length of the spring and its original length

24
Q

What is an elastic object

A

An object that regains its original shape when the forces deforming it are removed

25
Q

What is Hooke’s law

A

The extension is directly proportional to the force applied, provided the limit of proportionality is not exceeded

26
Q

What is the equation for Hooke’s law

A

F= k x e

F= Force applied (N)
K= Spring constant (the force per unit extension needed to stretch it) in N/m
E= extension (m)
27
Q

What is fuel economy

A

Reducing the speed of a vehicle which reduces the amount of fuel it uses to travel a particular distance

28
Q

Give another example of improving fuel economy

A

Reducing the air resistance by making the vehicle more streamlined

29
Q

Why does skidding happen

A

When the brakes on a vehicle are applied too harshly. The wheels lock and slide along the road surface increasing the stopping distance

Physics - Additional (7 decks)

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