chapter 2 extra part 1 Flashcards
the three causes of Confederation that you need to memorize
(1) the United States refused to renew the Reciprocity Treaty in 1864 (p.94).
(2) fear of American expansion and the threat of American invasion (p.95);
(3) Political instability (p.92).
(1) The British North America (B.N.A) Act 1867.
(2) Federal powers.
(3) Provincial powers.
(4) Shared powers.
(1) (B.N.A) Act created Canada in 1867;
(2) Federal powers the military, the postal system, and currency - look for the Canadian flag, the word “Canada”, or the logo of the Government of Canada);
(3) Provincial powers include education (including schools) and health care (including hospitals);
(4) Shared powers include immigration and agriculture.
NATIONAL POLICY passed by Sir John A. Macdonald’s Conservative Party in 1878. (p.104)
three planks of the National Policy
cause and consequence?
1# customs duties were too low so foreign imports could enter Canada easily.
2# increase customs duties.
3# higher customs duties that limited foreign imports and protected Canadian industries.
4# creation of a domestic market
The National Policy helped to build a strong industrial Canada.
Quebec and Confederation 1860-1896
1# Political instability 10 governments in 10 years.
2# end of Reciprocity Treaty 1854-1864.
3# fear of American invasion.
4# the Charlottetown, Quebec and London conference, (B N C act) in 1864-67 created Canada.
5# National Policy 1878.
6# Social changes (woman and children worked in factories and new work methods)
National Policy 1878.
REASONS
PLATFORMS
RESULTS (consequence)
REASONS low custom duties, world wide recession.
PLATFORMS encourage immigration, increase custom duties, build a railway across Canada.
RESULTS (consequence). expansion of western Canada and its rapid development, creation of a domestic market, higher custom duties.
Social changes.
first phase of industrialization 1864-1896.
woman and children worked in factories.
new work methods developed.
Synthesis question. before confederation 1850-1896.
Creation (birth) of Canada in 1867.
Trans-Canada railway (C P R) in 1885.
Threat of american expansion (Fenian raids into Canada 1866-1870)
Large numbers of Canadians emigrated to the America (new colonization areas were opened to encourage people to stay in Quebec).
Britain relaxed its ties with its colonies (Canada had power over its internal affairs).
Metis uprising and the execution of Louis Riel in 1885.
Examples of industries that developed at this time 1864-1896. who paid for most of it?
Dairy (including cheese, butter, and milk),
Tobacco,
Saw mills,
Tanneries (for leather), shoes, textiles, Transportation equipment (as used by railways for example),
Food processing (such as flour);
industrial development during the First Phase was funded by British capital.
ANTOINE-AIME DORION (p.92, p.97) and HENRI BOURASSA (p.116). Both of these men are remembered as being French Canadian nationalists.
Simply stated: Dorion was a defender of provincial rights and the rights of French Canadians; Bourassa was an anti-imperialist who believed in Canadian autonomy.
# Dorion was the leader of the "Parti Rouge". Formed in 1848.this political party was influenced by the ideas of Louis-Joseph Papineau. Both Dorion and the Parti Rouge are remembered as being advocates of provincial autonomy (means "favoured the freedom of Quebec to make its own decisions. Defenders of French Canadian culture, and as champions of the French language.
Bourassa is remembered as being the founder of the daily Montreal French-language newspaper “Le Devoir” in 1910. As a politician, Bourassa is remembered as being an ideological (means “ideas, way of thinking”) father of French-Canadian nationalism.
Bourassa opposed Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier. Bourassa strongly disagreed with Laurier’s decision to involve Canadian troops in the Boer War (1899-1902, p.116) as well as Laurier’s desire to create a Canadian Navy (1910, p.116). Bourassa led French Canadian opposition to Canadian participation in World War I and who spoke out against Prime Minister Robert Borden’s plans to implement conscription (means “forced military service”) in 1917.