Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chapter 2 Biology Test > Chapter 2- Essential Chemistry For Biology > Flashcards

Chapter 2- Essential Chemistry For Biology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What helps maintain healthy teeth?

A

Fluoride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is a Common Ingredient in Earths Crust?

A

Fluoride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does Fluoride prevent Cavities in the Teeth?

A
  1. By affecting the metabolism of oral bacteria

2. Promoting the replacement of lost minerals on the tooth surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is matter?

A

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 3 forms is matter found on earth?

A
  1. Liquid
  2. Solid
  3. Gas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is matter Composed of?

A

Chemical elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many naturally occurring elements are there on earth?

A

92 (all are listed on the periodic table)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many elements are essential to life?

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What 4 elements make up 96% of the human body?

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Carbon
  3. Hydrogen
  4. Nitrogen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What occurs in smaller amounts and if essential for life?

A

Trace elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can an iodine deficiency cause?

A

Goiter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Elements can be combined to form what?

A

Compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a Compound?

A

Compounds are substances that contain 2 or more elements in a mixed ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 2 common compounds?

A

NaCI (table salt)

h2o (water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does each element consist of?

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an atom?

A

A atom is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the property of an element.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 3 things subatomic particles are atoms composed of?

A
  • Protons (positive)
  • Electrons (negative)
  • Neuron (electrically Neutral)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most Atoms have protons and neurons packed tightly into what?

A

The Neuclis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Atoms Central Core?

A

The Nueclis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What orbits the Neuclis?

A

Electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the sum of the number or protons and Neurons called?

A

Mass Numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is measurement of the amount of matter in an object?

A

Mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do Atomic Numbers determine?

A

They determine which element is which

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an alternate mass form of an element? And Has the same number I protons and electrons but have different number of Neurons?

A

Isotope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What decays and gives off particles and energy?

A

The Neuclis of Radioactive Isotopes

25
Q

What can Radioactive Isotopes be used for?

A

Medical research and Medicine

Used to determine the date of atoms in living organisms

Use in a petscan to diagnose heart disorders and some cancer

26
Q

What can happen if you are exposed to radioactive isotopes?

A

It can damage the DNA

27
Q

Chemical reaction normally result is what?

A

Atoms staying close together

Atoms being held together by chemical bonds

28
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

It’s when an atom loses or gains and electrons and transfers other electrons

29
Q

Atoms are held together by covalent bonds are called what?

A

Molecules

30
Q

What charges atoms?

A

Ions

31
Q

The number is covalent bonds an atoms can form is?

A

Equal to the number of additional electrons needed to fill it’s outer she’ll

32
Q

Water is a compound in which the electrons in it’s covalent bonds are shared unequally, this has caused water to be what?

A

Polar molecule

33
Q

Polar molecules have?

A

One with opposite charges on opposite ends

34
Q

The polarity of water results in weak electrical attraction between neighboring water molecules. This is called what?

A

Hydrogen Bonds

35
Q

What is the change in chemical composition of matter by breaking existing chemical bonds and forming new ones?

A

Chemical Reaction

36
Q

What 3 things does chemical reactions include?

A

Reactants starting

Products ending

Can rearrange matter but cannot create or destroy it

37
Q

Life on earth began in water when?

A

3billion years ago

38
Q

Cells are composed of _____ of water

A

70%-95%

39
Q

What makes earth habitable?

A

Water

40
Q

The polarity of water molecules and the hydrogen bonding that results in explains water life, supporting properties are?

A

Water molecules stick together

Water has strong resistant to change in temperature

Frozen water floats

Water is the solvent for life

41
Q

Water molecules stick together as a result of hydrogen bonding called?

A

Cohesion

42
Q

______ is vital for water transportation in plants?

A

Cohesion

43
Q

______ is measured of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

A

Surface tension

44
Q

What gives water a strong resistance to temperature change?

A

Hydrogen bonds

45
Q

Heat and Temperature are related but different in what?

A

In the amount of energy associated with the movement of atoms and molecules in a body of water

46
Q

Temperature measures what?

A

The intensity of heat

47
Q

What can absorb and store large amounts of heat while only changing a few degrees in temperature?

A

Water

48
Q

What can moderate temperature?

A

Water

49
Q

If water molecules get cold enough they move apart and form what?

A

Ice

50
Q

What has fewer molecules than a equal volume of liquid water?

A

A chick of ice

51
Q

What floats because of it’s less dense that the liquid water around it?

A

Ice

52
Q

_______ removes heat from earth and it’s organisms?

A

Evaporative cooling

53
Q

A ____ is a liquid consisting if homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances.

A

Solution

54
Q

The dissolving agent is the?

A

Solvent

55
Q

The dissolved subtuse is the?

A

Solvent

56
Q

When water is the solvent the result is?

A

An aqueous Solution

57
Q

A chemical compound that releases Hydrogen to a solution is?

A

Acid

58
Q

A compound that accepts hydrogen and removes it from the solution is?

A

Abase

59
Q

To describe the acidity of a solution, a chemist uses what?

A

PH scale

60
Q

Buffers are?

A

Substances that resist PH change

Accepts hydrogen when they are in excess

Donates hydrogen ions when they are depleted

Chapter 2 Biology Test (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions