Chapter 2 - Ecology and Evolution Flashcards
What is biological evolution?
Biological evolution is changes in any attribute of a population over time.
What is Fitness?
Fitness is a measure of the contribution of an individual to future generations and can also be called adaptive value.
What is the three types of natural selection?
Directional Selection, Stabilizing Selection, and Disruptive Selection
How are directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection different?
Directional = Phenotypes at one extreme are selected against. (one or the other selection)
Stabilizing = Phenotypes near the mean of the population are fitter than those at either extreme. (mid selection)
Disruptive = The extremes are favored over the mean. (extreme ends selection)
What is the difference between proximate and ultimate factors?