Chapter 2 - Dynamics Flashcards
What is Newton’s first law of motion?
An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a resultant force.
What is Newton’s second law of motion?
The resultant force acting on an object is proportional to the rate of change of its momentum.
What is Newton’s third law of motion?
When objects interact, the force that acts on each object is equal in size and opposite in direction
What is the formula for calculating force?
Force = mass x acceleration
What is the SI unit for force?
Newton (N)
What is the formula for calculating momentum?
Momentum = mass x velocity
What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
The total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
What is the formula for calculating impulse?
Impulse = force x time
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy = 0.5 x mass x velocity^2
What is the formula for calculating potential energy?
Potential energy = mass x gravity x height
What is the formula for calculating work done?
Work done = force x distance x cos(theta)
What is the formula for calculating power?
Power = work done / time taken
What is the unit for power?
Watt (W)
What is the difference between static and kinetic friction?
Static friction prevents an object from moving, while kinetic friction opposes the motion of an object.
What is the formula for calculating coefficient of friction?
Coefficient of friction = frictional force / normal reaction force
What is the formula for calculating centripetal force?
Centripetal force = (mass x velocity^2) / radius
What is the direction of centripetal force in circular motion?
Centripetal force acts towards the center of the circle.
What is the formula for calculating angular velocity?
Angular velocity = 2 x pi x frequency
What is the formula for calculating angular acceleration?
Angular acceleration = change in angular velocity / time taken
What is the formula for calculating torque?
Torque = force x lever arm length x sin(theta)
What is the principle of moments?
The sum of the clockwise moments about any point is equal to the sum of the anticlockwise moments about the same point.
What is the formula for calculating pressure?
Pressure = force / area
What is the SI unit for pressure?
Pascal (Pa)
What is Pascal’s principle?
A change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container.
What is Archimedes’ principle?
The buoyant force acting on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
What is the formula for calculating density?
Density = mass / volume
What is Hooke’s law?
The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied, as long as the elastic limit is not exceeded.
