Chapter 2 - Drug Classes & Schedules

Question 1

therapeutic classification

Answer 1

a method of organizing drugs based on their therapeutic usefulness in treating particular diseases

Question 2

pharmacologic classification

Answer 2

refers to the way a drug works at the molecular, tissue, and body system levels

Question 3

the key to therapeutic classification is

Answer 3

to clearly state what a particular drug does clinically

Question 4

how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body

Answer 4

mechanism of action

Question 5

classification that requires a more in depth understanding of biochemistry and physiology

Answer 5

pharmacologic classification

Question 6

the well-understood drug model with which other drugs in its representative class are compared

Answer 6

prototype drug

Question 7

Three basic types of drug names are

Answer 7

chemical
generic
trade names

Question 8

chemical name is assigned using

Answer 8

standard nomenclature established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)

Question 9

chemical group name

Answer 9

drugs classified by a portion of their chemical structure

Question 10

7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one

Answer 10

chemical name for diazepam

Question 11

lithium carbonate, calcium gluconate, and sodium chloride

Answer 11

examples of useful chemical names

Question 12

fluoroquiolones, cephalosporins, phenothiazines, thiazides, and benzodiazepines

Answer 12

examples of chemical group names

Question 13

assigned by the company marketing the drug

Answer 13

drug’s trade name

Question 14

a drug containing more than one active generic ingredient

Answer 14

a combination drug

Question 15

The rule of thumb is that the active ingredients in a drug are described by their ___________ name

Answer 15

generic name

Question 16

the generic name of a drug is usually _______ case, whereas the trade name is ________________.

Answer 16

lower case

capitalized

Question 17

bioavailability

Answer 17

the physiological ability of the drug to reach its target cells and produce its effect.

Question 18

Can inert ingredients and tablet compression affect the bioavailability of a medication?

Answer 18

YES! Anything that affects absorption of a drug, or its distribution to the target cells, can certainly affect drug action.

Question 19

depends on the dosage form and how much will actually reach the target location

Answer 19

a drug’s bioavailability

Question 20

negative formulary list

Answer 20

a list of trade name drugs that pharmacists may not dispense as generic drugs

Question 21

pharmacoeconomics

Answer 21

a subdiscipline of health economics that deals with decision making relative to proper drug choices.

Question 22

addiction

Answer 22

refers to the overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeatedly

Question 23

dependance

Answer 23

defined as a physiological or psychological need for a substance

Question 24

an altered physical condition caused by the adaptation of the nervous system to repeated drug use

Answer 24

physical dependance

Question 25

when the drug is no longer available, the individual expresses physical signs of discomfort known as

Answer 25

withdrawl

Question 26

few signs of physical discomfort when the drug is withdrawn; however, the individual feels an intense compelling desire to continue drug use

Answer 26

psychological dependance

Question 27

According to law, drugs that have a significant potential for abuse are placed into five categories called …

Answer 27

schedules

Question 28

scheduled drugs

Answer 28

are classified according to their potential for abuse

Question 29

Have the highest potential for abuse

Answer 29

Schedule 1 drugs

Question 30

Lowest potential for abuse

Answer 30

Schedule V drugs

Question 31

Have little or no therapeutic value, are intended for research purposes only, and are restricted for use in situations of medical necessity - if at all allowed

Answer 31

Schedule 1 drugs (heroin, LSD, marijuana, ecstasy)

Question 32

3 examples of drugs with abuse potential that are not regulated and placed into schedules ….

Answer 32

tobacco
alcohol
caffeine

Question 33

hydromorphone, methadone, oxycodone, fentanyl, cocaine, amobarbital, pentobarbital, methamphetamine, amobarbital
all examples of which drug schedule

Answer 33

schedule 2 = high abuse potential / high potential for physical dependency / high potential for psychological dependance

Question 34

alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, temazepam, triazolam
are all examples of which drug schedule?

Answer 34

drug schedule 4 = “lower” abuse potential in all areas

Question 35

combination products containing less than 15 milligrams of hydrocodone per dosage unit, products containing not more than 90 milligrams of codeine per dosage unit, buprenorphine products, benzphetamine, anabolic steroids
are all examples of which drug schedule?

Answer 35

drug schedule 3 = moderate to high abuse potential in all areas

Question 36

cough preparations containing not more than 200 milligrams of codeine per 100 milliliters of per 100 grams

Answer 36

drug schedule V = lowest abuse potential in all areas

Question 37

teratogen

Answer 37

a substance that has the potential to cause a defect in an unborn child during pregnancy

Question 38

teratogenic risk

Answer 38

a classification that places drugs into categories A,B,C,D, and X - posing a risk for fetus

Question 39

drugs may be organized by their ___________ or ______________ classification

Answer 39

therapeutic

pharmacologic

Question 40

T or F

A drug has only one chemical or generic name, but may have multiple trade names

Answer 40

TRUE

Question 41

less expensive, but may differ in their bioavailability; that is, the ability of the drug to reach its target tissue and produce its action

Answer 41

generic drugs

Question 42

drugs that are the safest to take during pregnancy, are placed into which category?

Answer 42

A

Question 43

Category X are

Answer 43

the most dangerous drugs to take during pregnancy

Question 44

to prevent errors when administering drugs, the nurse must constantly check and cross-check what????

Answer 44

trade names contraindications
generic equivalents other important facts
correct name spelling
adverse drug reactions
warnings