Chapter 2 Diseases And Disorders: Diagnostic And Therapeutic Terms

Question 1

The scientific study of life

Answer 1

Biology

Question 2

The condition of physical, mental, and social well-being and the absence of disease or other abnormal conditions

Answer 2

Health

Question 3

The study of characteristics, causes, and effects of disease

Answer 3

Pathology

Question 4

Adjective that pertains to a condition that is caused by or involves a disease process is called

Answer 4

Pathologic

Question 5

Abnormal process in which aspects of the social, physical, emotional, or intellectual condition or function of a person are diminished or impaired

Answer 5

Illness

Question 6

What is a general term for impairment

Answer 6

Disease

Question 7

What is a specific illness called?

Answer 7

A disease or disorder

Question 8

____ refers to either structurally or functionally abnormal processes, whereas a ___ tends to describe a disruption in function

Answer 8

Disease

Disorder

Question 9

What is defined as a condition of abnormal structure or function of the body?

Answer 9

Disease

Question 10

What is defined as a disruption or interference with normal functions?

Answer 10

Disorder

Question 11

A mental disorder is a disturbance of emotional equilibrium and represents a disturbance in____

Answer 11

Function

Question 12

A disease that only last a short time is a ____disease

Answer 12

Acute

Question 13

It is important to remember that organic diseases, unlike functional disorders, are associated with a demonstrable ___change

Answer 13

Physical

Question 14

Name the classification of diseases according to cause

Answer 14

Infectious, genetic, traumatic, degenerative, neoplastic, metabolic, inflammatory

Question 15

What does degenerative mean when classifying a disease?

Answer 15

Deterioration of structure or function

Question 16

What does neoplastic mean when classifying diseases?

Answer 16

Malignancies, abnormal tissue growths or tumors

Question 17

What are organic diseases associated with?

Answer 17

A demonstrable physical change in an organ or tissue for example a tumor

Question 18

What are functional disorders associated with?

Answer 18

They are marked by signs or symptoms but no physical changes (for example most psychological disorders)

Question 19

How are infectious diseases caused?

Answer 19

Disease causing organisms

Question 20

What is the cause of genetic diseases?

Answer 20

Altered or mutated genes, the units of inheritance

Question 21

What is the cause of degenerative disease?

Answer 21

Deterioration of structure or function

Question 22

What is the cause of metabolic disease?

Answer 22

Endocrine and balances or malnutrition

Question 23

What is the cause of inflammatory disease?

Answer 23

Abnormal or prolonged inflammation or auto immunity, altered function of the immune system against one’s own cell

Question 24

What develops without an apparent or known cause, for example high blood pressure for which there is no known cause

Answer 24

Idiopathic disease

Question 25

Idi(o)

Answer 25

Individual

Question 26

What disorder is an unfavorable response to medical treatment, for example a transfusion reaction

Answer 26

Iatrogenic Disorder

Question 27

What are hospital acquired infections called? For example an infection of a surgical wound

Answer 27

Nosocomial infections

Question 28

Iatr(o)

Answer 28

Physician or treatment

Question 29

Nos(o)

Answer 29

Disease

Question 30

Nosocomial infections was not present or incubating before patients admission to hospital and is acquired ____hours or longer after admission

Answer 30

72

Question 31

Conditions that exist at, or before, birth; for example club foot

Answer 31

Congenital

Question 32

A deviation from what is regarded as normal, especially as a result of congenital defects

Answer 32

An anomaly

Question 33

Aut(o)

Answer 33

Self

Question 34

Bi(o)

Answer 34

Life or living

Question 35

Dipl(o)

Answer 35

Double

Question 36

Gen(o)

Answer 36

Beginning or origin

Question 37

Anti-

Answer 37

Against

Question 38

Intra-

Answer 38

Within

Question 39

Micro-

Answer 39

Small

Question 40

-cidal

Answer 40

Killing

Question 41

-emia

Answer 41

Condition of the blood

Question 42

-gen

Answer 42

That which generates

Question 43

-genesis

Answer 43

Producing or forming

Question 44

-genic

Answer 44

Produced by or in

Question 45

Capable of causing or producing a disease

Answer 45

Pathogenic

Question 46

Tiny entities, which may or may not be pathogenic

Answer 46

Microorganisms

Question 47

The branch of science concerned with the study of micro organisms, which include viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa

Answer 47

Microbiology

Question 48

If micro organisms are pathogenic they are called what?

Answer 48

Pathogens

Question 49

The degree to which microorganisms cause disease is referred to as what?

Answer 49

Virulence and pathogenicity

Question 50

What is another word for communicable disease?

Answer 50

Contagious disease

Question 51

How are contagious diseases transmitted?

Answer 51

- Directly by contact (discharges or airborn droplets) - indirectly via substances (blood borne transmission through contact with blood or body fluids that are contaminated with blood) or inanimate objects such as a contaminated spoon - via carriers called vectors (mosquitoes)

Question 52

A contagious disease is also called a

Answer 52

Communicable disease

Question 53

Seps(o)

Answer 53

Infection

Question 54

Sept(i), sept(o)

Answer 54

Infection

Question 55

Bacter(i), bacteri(o)

Answer 55

Bacteria

Question 56

Fung(i), myc(o)

Answer 56

Fungus

Question 57

Parasit(o)

Answer 57

Parasite

Question 58

Staphyl(o)

Answer 58

Grapelike cluster, uvula

Question 59

Strept(o)

Answer 59

Twisted

Question 60

Vir(o), virus(o)

Answer 60

Virus

Question 61

What is an infection?

Answer 61

Invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms

Question 62

___is an infection which has spread to the circulating blood from an infection in any part of the body

Answer 62

Septicemia

Question 63

_____is the presence of bacteria in the blood

Answer 63

Bacteremia

Question 64

____ is the presence of viruses in the blood

Answer 64

Viremia

Question 65

What is a minute microorganism that replicates only within a cell of living plant or animal

Answer 65

A virus

Question 66

Small unicellular organisms

Answer 66

Bacteria

Question 67

How do microbiologists classify bacteria?

Answer 67

According to their shape

Question 68

Three major types of bacteria

Answer 68

Cocci, bacilli, or spirilla or spirochetes

Question 69

What is a special staining technique that serves as a primary means of identifying and classifying bacteria?

Answer 69

Gram stain

Question 70

What are coiled spiral bacteria called?

Answer 70

Spirilla

Question 71

What are rod shaped bacteria called?

Answer 71

Bacilli

Question 72

Spherical shaped bacteria are called what?

Answer 72

Cocci

Question 73

An often fatal form of food poisoning

Answer 73

Botulism

Question 74

Anaerobic

Answer 74

Growing in the absence of oxygen

Question 75

Is whooping cough viral or bacterial?

Answer 75

Bacterial

Question 76

Is syphilis viral or bacterial?

Answer 76

Bacterial

Question 77

Is tetanus viral or bacterial?

Answer 77

Bacterial

Question 78

Is COVID-19 viral or bacterial?

Answer 78

Viral

Question 79

Is influenza viral or bacterial?

Answer 79

Viral

Question 80

Is gentian herpes viral or bacterial?

Answer 80

Viral

Question 81

What are microorganisms that feed by absorbing organic molecules from their surroundings?

Answer 81

Fungi | Yeasts and molds are included in this group

Question 82

What are the simplest organisms of the animal kingdom?

Answer 82

Protozoa

Question 83

What is malaria?

Answer 83

An infectious illness that infects the blood

Question 84

Four general types of microorganisms

Answer 84

Bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, viruses

Question 85

a.c

Answer 85

Before meals (ante cibum)

Question 86

ACS

Answer 86

American Cancer Society

Question 87

ad lib.

Answer 87

Freely as needed, at pleasure (ad libitum)

Question 88

aq.

Answer 88

Water (aqua)