Chapter 2 Digestion and Absorption

Question 1

the digestive tract, the principal organs are the stomach and intestines.

Answer 1

gastrointestinal tract

Question 2

gastro =

Answer 2

stomach

Question 3

the process by which complex food particles are broken down to smaller absorbable particles

Answer 3

digestion

Question 4

the flexible muscular tube extending from the mouth to the anus

Answer 4

gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 5

where does the process of digestion begin

Answer 5

the mouth

Question 6

the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth

Answer 6

the mouth

Question 7

chews and mixes food with salvia

Answer 7

the mouth

Question 8

mixes with the food mass and moistens it for comfortable swallowing; also helps dissolve the food so that you can taste it; only particles in solution can react with taste buds

Answer 8

the salvia

Question 9

allows you not only to taste food but also to move food around in the mouth, facilitating chewing and swallowing

Answer 9

tongue

Question 10

the passageway leading from the nose and the mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively.

Answer 10

pharynx

Question 11

directs food from the mouth to esophagus

Answer 11

pharynx

Question 12

a short tube that shared for both the digestive system and the respiratory system

Answer 12

pharynx

Question 13

all the organs and glands associated with the ingestion and digestion of food

Answer 13

digestive system

Question 14

the portion of food swallowed at one time

Answer 14

bolus

Question 15

once a mouthful of food has been chewed and swallowed, it is called

Answer 15

bolus

Question 16

where does each bolus first slides across and bypassing the entrance to your lungs

Answer 16

epiglottis

Question 17

During each swallow, the ______ closes off your trachea, the air passageway to the lungs, so that you do not choke

Answer 17

epiglottis

Question 18

protects the airways during swallowing

Answer 18

epiglottis

Question 19

cartilage in the throat that guards the entrance to the trachea and prevents fluid to food from entering it when a person swallows

Answer 19

epiglottis

Question 20

epi =

Answer 20

upon (over)

Question 21

glottis =

Answer 21

back of tongue

Question 22

has a sphincter muscle at each end.

Answer 22

the esophagus

Question 23

during a swallow, the upper _____ opens

Answer 23

esophageal sphincter

Question 24

The ______ then slides down the _______, which conducts it through the diaphragm to the _____

Answer 24

bolus, esophagus, stomach

Question 25

the food pipe; the conduit from the mouth to the stomach

Answer 25

esophagus

Question 26

a circular muscle surrounding, and able to close, a body opening. These are found at specific points along with the GI tract and regulate the flow of food particles

Answer 26

sphincter

Question 27

band (binder)

Answer 27

sphincter

Question 28

the lower esophageal sphincter is also called the

Answer 28

cardiac sphincter

Question 29

a sphincter muscle at the upper or lower end of the esophagus

Answer 29

esophageal