Chapter 2: Describing Motion - Kinematics in One Dimension

Question 1

Mechanics

Answer 1

study of motion of objects and the related concepts of force and energy

Question 2

Kinematics

Answer 2

part of mechanics, description of how objects move

Question 3

Dynamics

Answer 3

part of mechanics, deals with force and why objects move as they do

Question 4

Translational Motion

Answer 4

movement without rotation

Question 5

Reference Frame/Frame of Reference

Answer 5

used to make measurements with respect to position, distance or speed

Question 6

Displacement

Answer 6

change in position of an object, how far an object is from its statin point

Question 7

Vectors

Answer 7

arrows that represent the magnitude and direction of a quantity

Question 8

Average Speed

Answer 8

total distance traveled along its path divided by the time it takes to travel the distance

Question 9

Average Speed Formula

Answer 9

average speed = distance traveled/time elapsed

Question 10

Velocity

Answer 10

magnitude of how fast an object is moving and the direction in which it is moving

Question 11

Average Velocity Formula

Answer 11

average velocity = v̅ = displacement/time elapsed = (final position - initial position)/time elapsed = (xf - xi)/(tf - ti)

Question 12

Instantaneous Velocity

Answer 12

average velocity over an infinitesimally short time interval

Question 13

Instantaneous Velocity Formula

Answer 13

v = lim(Δ=>0) (Δx)/(Δt) = dx/dt

Question 14

Average Acceleration

Answer 14

change in velocity divided by the time it takes to make the change

Question 15

Average Acceleration Formula

Answer 15

a̅ = (v2 - v1)/(t2 - t1)

Question 16

Deceleration

Answer 16

when an object is slowing down, change in acceleration is not necessarily negative

Question 17

Instantaneous Acceleration

Answer 17

limiting value of the average acceleration as Δt approaches zero

Question 18

Instantaneous Acceleration Formula

Answer 18

a = lim(Δ=>0) (Δv)/(Δt) = dv/dt = d^2x/dt^2

Question 19

Constant Acceleration Kinematic Equations

Answer 19

v = v0 - at
x = x0 +v0t + (1/2)at^2
v^2 = v0^2 + 2a(x - x0)
v̅ = (v + v0)/2

Question 20

Acceleration Due to Gravity

Answer 20

g = 9.80 m/s^2 or 32 ft/s^2

Question 21

Variable Acceleration Formula

Answer 21

dx = (v0 - at)dt

x - x0 = v0t + (1/2)at^2